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Physics > Motion and Forces > Flashcards

Motion and Forces Flashcards

1
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

Quantities that have magnitude but no direction.

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2
Q

What is vector quantity?

A

Quantities that have magnitude and direction.

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3
Q

List the scalar quantities (6)

A
  • Time
  • Speed
  • Distance
  • Mass
  • Energy
  • Temperature
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4
Q

List the vector quantities (6)

A
  • Displacement
  • Acceleration
  • Momentum
  • Force
  • Weight
  • Velocity
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5
Q

Walking speed

A

1.5m/s

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6
Q

Running Speed

A

3m/s

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7
Q

Cycling speed

A

6m/s

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8
Q

Cars speed

A

13-30m/s

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9
Q

Plane speed

A

250m/s

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10
Q

sound in air speed

A

340m/s

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11
Q

Train speed

A

50m/s

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12
Q

Acceleration Definition

A

Change in velocity in a certain time. How quickly you are speeding up.

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13
Q

What does a straight line on a distance time graph mean?

A

Steady speed

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14
Q

What does a flat line on a distance time graph mean?

A

Stopped

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15
Q

What does a curved steep line on a distance time graph mean?

A

Acceleration

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16
Q

What does a leveling off curved line mean on a distance time graph?

A

Deceleration

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17
Q

How do you find the speed on a distance time graph when the line is straight?

A

The gradient. Change in y / change in x

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18
Q

How do you find the speed on distance time graph when the line is curved?

A

Find the tangent of the specific area. The find the gradient of that.

19
Q

What does the gradient mean on a velocity time graph?

A

Acceleration

20
Q

What does a straight uphill line on a velocity time graph mean?

A

Constant acceleration

21
Q

What does a straight downhill line on a velocity time graph mean?

A

Constant deceleration

22
Q

What does a curved line on a velocity time graph mean?

A

Change in acceleration or deceleration

23
Q

What does a flat line on velocity time graph mean?

A

Steady speed

24
Q

How do you calculate the distance on a velocity time graph?

A

The area underneath

25
Q

What is newtons first law?

A

If the resultant force on a moving object is zero the object will continue to move at a constant velocity. If the a stationary object has a resultant force of zero the object will remain stationary.

26
Q

What is newtons second law?

A
  • force = mass x acceleration
  • acceleration is directly proportional to force
  • acceleration is inversely proportional to mass
27
Q

Mass definition

A

How much matter is in an object. Measured in kilograms/kg. Scalar quantity.

28
Q

Weight defintion

A

Is the force on an object due to gravity. Measured in newtons/N. Vector quantity.

29
Q

What is a centripetal force?

A

The force is moving in circles at a different velocity the force is always acting towards the centre if the circle.

30
Q

What is the meaning of inertia mass?

A

Measures how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object.

31
Q

What is Newtons third law?

A

When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite.

32
Q

Explain the conservation of momentum

A
  • Momentum after = Momentum before in a closed system.
33
Q

Force equation

with momentum

A

Change in momentum / time

34
Q

Explain stopping distance

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

35
Q

What affects the thinking distance?

A
  • Tiredness
  • Distractions
  • Alcohol
  • Drugs
36
Q

What affects the braking distance

A
  • The road conditions if old
  • If icy or wet
  • The tires
  • The weather
  • The condition of the car
37
Q

How do you calculate thinking distance?

A

Distance = speed x time

38
Q

How do you calculate braking distance?

A

1/2 x mass x velocity^2 = force x distance

39
Q

How do you find the speed on a curved line?

A

Draw a tangent and calculate the gradient

40
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

The distance the car travels in the drivers reaction time

41
Q

What is braking distance?

A

The distance taken to stop once the brakes have been applied

42
Q

What is momentum?

A

A property that all moving objects have.

43
Q

What is the conservation of momentum?

A

In a closed system, the total momentum before an event is the same after the event

Physics (12 decks)

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