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Most Commons Flashcards

1
Q

MC artifact seen in the newborn

A

skin folds

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2
Q

MC cause of respiratory distress in the newborn

A

HMD

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3
Q

MC abnormality seen in premature infants

A

pulmonary edema (leaky lung syndrome)

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4
Q

Most prominent feature in meconium aspiration

A

tachypnea

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5
Q

MC condition leading to the placement of infants on positive pressure ventilation

A

HMD (leading to BPD)

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6
Q

MC cause of pulmonary hypoplasia 2’ to extrathoracic compression

A

Potter’s syndrome

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7
Q

MC cause of pulmonary hypoplasia 2’ to intrathoracic compression

A

diaphragmatic hernia

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8
Q

MC involved lobe in congenital lobar emphysema

A

left upper lobe

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9
Q

MC etiology of neonatal chylothorax

A

traumatic tear after delivery

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10
Q

MC etiology of bacterial pulmonary infection < 2yo

A

H influenza

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11
Q

MC etiology of pneumatocoeles

A

S aureus

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12
Q

MC etiology of bronchiolitis

A

syncitial virus

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13
Q

MC cause of a shaggy heart

A

viral infection

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14
Q

MC roentgenographic picture of P carinii

A

hazy interstitial infiltrates of the lungs

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15
Q

MC manifestation of cystic fibrosis

A

low small bowel obstruction 2’ to meconium ileus

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16
Q

MC reticuloendotheliosis

A

nonlipid Letterer - Sewi and Hand Christian disease (cholesterol strorage disease)

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17
Q

MC cause of pulmonary infarction 2’ to pulmonary embolism in older children

A

sickle cell disease

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18
Q

MC tube (chest) complication

A

malplaced ETT occluding one of the bronchi

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19
Q

MC mediastinal mass in older children

A

adenopathy 2’ to lymphoma

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20
Q

MC mediastinal mass in young infants

A

posterior mediastinal mass eg neurogenic

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21
Q

MC posterior mediastinal tumor

A

neuroblastoma -ganglioneuroma complex

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22
Q

MC middle mediastinal tumor

A

LADP, bronchogenic and hiatus hernia

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23
Q

MC anterior mediastinal mass

A

dermoids and teratomas (germ cell tumors)

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24
Q

MC cyst in the chest

A

bronchogenic cyst

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25
Q

MC location of bronchogenic cyst

A

around the carina

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26
Q

MC 1’ pulmonary tumor in childhood

A

pulmonary blastoma

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27
Q

MC malignant breast tumor

A

metastases (pedia)

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28
Q

MC benign breast tumor

A

fibroadenoma (pedia)

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29
Q

MC nasal cyst

A

dermoid cyst

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30
Q

MC inflammatory condition involving the mandibles

A

infantile cortical hyperostosis

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31
Q

MC mandibular cyst

A

dentigerous cyst and reparative granuloma

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32
Q

MC neck cysts

A

thyroglossal duct cyst (midline) and brachial cleft cyst (lateral)

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33
Q

MC benign tumor of the neck

A

cystic hygroma

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34
Q

MC cause of a thickened retropharyngeal soft tissue

A

inflammation 2’ to bacterial adenitis

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35
Q

Mc tumor in the retropharyngeal area

A

cystic hygroma

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36
Q

MC laryngeal abnormality

A

laryngomalacia

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37
Q

MC inflammatory conditions of the larynx

A

epiglottitis (3-5yo); croup (<2yo)

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38
Q

MC laryngeal tumor in older children

A

vocal cord papilloma

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39
Q

MC TEF

A

esophageal atresia with fistulous connection

40
Q

MC cause of esophageal stenosis in childhood

A

acquired esophagitis

41
Q

MC etiology of neonatal/infant esophageal varices

A

portal hypertension

42
Q

MC cause of gastritis

43
Q

MC type of gastric volvulus

A

mesenteroaxial

44
Q

MC gastric tumor in the neonate

A

gastric teratoma

45
Q

MC site of duodenal bands

A

3rd and 4th segments

46
Q

MC etiology of duodenal perforation

A

seatbelt injuries, battered child

47
Q

MC duplication cyst in the abdomen

A

small bowel (2nd MC esophagus)

48
Q

MC small bowel tumor

A

lymphangiectasia and lymphoma

49
Q

MC colonic tumor

A

leiomyoma/ sarcoma, lymphosarcoma

50
Q

MC type of choledochal cyst

A

Type I (80-90%)

51
Q

MC benign liver tumor

A

hemangioma (2nd MC mesenchymal hamartoma)

52
Q

MC malignant liver tumor in young infants

A

hepatoblastoma

53
Q

MC malignant liver tumor in older infants and children

A

hepatocellular CA

54
Q

MC liver abscess in older infants and children

A

pyogenic 2’ appendicitis/ granulomatous disease

55
Q

MC etiology of liver abscess in neonates

A

2’ to neonatal sepsis or umbilical vein catheterization

56
Q

MC (?) disease of the spleen

A

infectious mononucleosis

57
Q

MC etiology of pancreatitis in older children

A

viral infection

58
Q

MC etiology of UTI

59
Q

MC renal vascular abnormality in the neonate

A

renal vain thrombosis

60
Q

MC renal mass

A

hydronephrosis (in neonate); Wilm’s tumor (in older infants)

61
Q

MC cause of a renal mass in the 1st week of life

A

MDKD (Potter II)

62
Q

MC form of ureteral/ pelvic atresia associated with MDKD

A

pelvoinfundibular atresia

63
Q

MC renal neoplasm in childhood

A

Wilm’s tumor

64
Q

MC metastasis of Wilm’s tumor

65
Q

MC renal tumor of the neonate

A

Bolande’s tumor (mesoblastic nephroma)

66
Q

MC cause of a neurogenic bladder

A

meningomyelocoele

67
Q

MC UB tumor

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

68
Q

MC urethral valve abnormality

69
Q

MC problem with urine ascites

A

abnormality in the posterior urethral valves

70
Q

MC cause of nephritis

A

acute GN 2’ acute immune complex mediated problem 2’ to Strep infection

71
Q

MC etiology of nephritic syndrome in the US

A

syphilitic infection

72
Q

MC malignant ovarian tumor

A

germ cell tumor

73
Q

MC malignant tumor of the genital tract

A

rhabdomyosarcoma (sarcoma botryoides)

74
Q

MC tumor of the testes in infants in young children

A

yolk cell CA (seminoma in adults)

75
Q

MC adrenal tumor in infants

A

neuroblastoma (2nd MC adrenal cortical CA)

76
Q

MC involved bones in hypoplasia and aplasia

A

femur and radius

77
Q

MC involved bones in synostoses

A

forearm nd foot

78
Q

MC fractured bone during delivery

A

midshaft of clavicle

79
Q

MC type of fractures in the infancy and childhood

A

epiphyseal -metaphyseal fractures (2nd MC buckle/ torus)

80
Q

MC location of buckle fracture

A

wrist and ankle

81
Q

MC joint to be sprained

82
Q

MC cause of hypothyroidism in the neonate

A

absent thyroid gland/ athyrotic/hypothtyrotic cretinism

83
Q

MC etiology of OM in the neonate

A

Staph or Strep

84
Q

MC CHD in the Noonan’s syndrome

A

ASD and pulmonary stenosis

85
Q

MC form of thanatrophic dwarfism

86
Q

MC suture to close prematurely

A

sagittal (2nd MC coronal)

87
Q

MC sites of SDH

88
Q

MC site of endodermal sinus

89
Q

MC sites of cephalhematoma

A

mid and posterior parietal (2nd MC occiput)

90
Q

MC etiology of meningitis

91
Q

MC etiology of encephalitis

A

viral (HSV II in the perinatal period)

92
Q

MC site of heterotopic gray matter

A

subependymal region of the lateral ventricles

93
Q

MC syndromes associated with vermian agenesis

A

Joubert’s syndrome,

94
Q

Walker

A

Waardberg cerebrooculomuscular/ oculomotor apraxia syndromes

95
Q

MC tumor of the eye

A

retinoblastoma

Pediatric Radiology (2 decks)

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