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Bone Path I > Most Common > Flashcards

Most Common Flashcards

1
Q

Most common atlas fracture?

A

Posterior arch fracture

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2
Q

Posterior arch fracture often due to [MOI]?

A

Hyperextension

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3
Q

Most common place for tear drop fx?

A

Anterior inferior vertebral body

Teardrop ONLY seen in CX spine

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4
Q

Most common odontoid fracture?

A

Type II, which is through the lower half of the base

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5
Q

Most common C2/axis fracture?

A

Odontoid (and then type II is MC odontoid fx)

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6
Q

Most common location for a cervical wedge compression Fx? and describe

A

C5-7
(Just like burst Fx)

Cervical wedge compression Fx: anterior vb height at least 3mm smaller than posterior

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7
Q

MC cervical burst Fx location?

A

C5-7

Just like wedge compression

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8
Q

MC location for articular pillar Fx?

A

C4-7

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9
Q

MC location for clay shoveler’s Fx?

A

C7

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10
Q

What cervical level is most vulnerable to laminar Fx?

A

C5,6

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11
Q

MC location of facet dislocation in the cervicals? Due to what MOI?

A

C4-7

MOI: severe hyperflexion injury w/ extensive lig damage

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12
Q

MC location in elderly people for pathological compression Fx?

A

T12/L1

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13
Q

MC location in thoracic for Fx dislocation? MC location in lumbar?

A

T4-7
Associated with lamina, facets or VB

L1 d/t flexion injury

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14
Q

MC location for compression Fx in lumbar? MOI?

A

TL due to axial or flexion force

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15
Q

MC location for glenohumeral displacement?

A

Inferior medial compared to GH

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16
Q

MC location for forearm bones to bring?

A

Mid-shaft

Needs surgical reduction and fixation

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17
Q

MC fractured carpal bone? also the MC site for occult Fx.

A

Scaphoid (70% at waist)

15-40 yo

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18
Q

MC location for Fx dislocation in the lumbars? MOI?

A

TL due to violent flexion

Tear drop avulsion; shearing force

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19
Q

MC location for sacral fx?

A

3rd or 4th tubercle

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20
Q

MC pelvis Fx? MOI?

A

Malgaine Fx

d/t vertical shearing force

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21
Q

Describe Malgaine Fx. Stable/unstable?

A

3 broken pieces of pelvis, same side: SI, superior pubic and ishiopubic

Unstable! High mortality and morbidity

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22
Q

MC acetabular Fx?

A

Protrusio acetabuli

AKA explosion Fx

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23
Q

An avulsion Fx of rectum femoris is MC in what population?

A

Young athletes

24
Q

MC unstable Fx in pelvis?

A

Straddle Fx

25
Q

Hip Fx MC in what population?

A

F>M

Elderly, predisposed via osteoporosis, pagers, fibrous dysplasia, malignancies, osteomalacia, osteonecrosis

26
Q

MC intracapsular (AKA proximal to trochanters) Fx

A

Subcapital: may be impacted or displaced. May see sclerotic-like white band. Worry about strong mm contraction in elderly osteoporotic folks breaking hip before fall.

Proximal femur Fx classifications:

  1. Intracapsular (subcapital, midcervical, basicervical)
  2. Extracapsular (intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric, trochanteric)
27
Q

3 Pathological proximal femur Fx?

A

Basicervical
Subtrochanteric
Trochanteric

28
Q

MC complication of slipped femoral capital epiphysis?

A

DJD

30
Q

MC place for lipohemarthrosis to occur? Describe

A

Knee (can occur in shoulder too)

Marrow fat is pushed into joint fluid with blood. FBI (fat blood interface) sign in suprapatellar bursa seen on lateral xray

31
Q

MC population for osteochondritis dissecans? MC location?

A

Population: teens
Location: lateral femoral condyle

A subchondral lesion of bone that breaks off and gets lost in the joint.

32
Q

MC location for proximal tibia Fx? MC population?

A

Location: 80% on the lateral plateau
Population: elderly, osteoporotic

Bumper or fender Fx is when femoral condyle impact the tibia plateau. Can injure ligaments

33
Q

MC population for avulsion of anterior tibial spine? MOI?

A

Children from falling off bikes

34
Q

MC kind of patellar Fx?

A

Transverse or slightly oblique

35
Q

MC epiphyseal injury?

A

Harris Salter #2
Fx through epiphysis with piece of shaft attached

Harris Salter classification
1 - Epiphyseal slip only
2 - Fx through epiphysis with piece of shaft attached - MC
3 - Fx through epiphysis extending through the epiphyseal plate
4 - Fx of epiphysis and shaft - going through epiphyseal plate
5 - Damage to epiphyseal plate

36
Q

MC location for calcaneal foot fracture?

A

Mid-calcaneus aka stress fx

37
Q

MC location for talus Fx?

A

Anterior surface avulsion
AKA aviator’s Fx

Vertical Fx line extends through Tamar neck. They were first described in WWI when pilots involved in crash landings had the rudder pedal forced into the sole of the foot.

38
Q

MC location for navicular Fx?

A

Dorsal cortical surface avulsion

39
Q

MC metatarsals to get a stress Fx? MC population to get this?

A

Necks of 2nd or 3rd

AKA March Fx: MC in military recruits and believed to be d/t fatigue of the peroneus longus muscle leading to instability of the foot

40
Q

MC bony injury in the foot?

A

March Fx of the metatarsals (MC 2nd or 3rd)

41
Q

MC sternal Fx MOI?

A

Compressive blunt trauma

42
Q

MC location for claivcal Fx?

A

Middle 80%

43
Q

MC Fx in kids / in the elbow?

A

Supracondylar Fx: transverse or oblique Fx above the condyles

60% of elbow fx in kids occurs here

44
Q

MC population to get epicondylar fx ?

A

Children

AKA “little leaguer’s elbow” or avulsion Fx — the medial epicondyle is separated from the act of e.g. throwing

45
Q

MC Fx at the elbow in adults? MOI?

A

Radial head 50%

D/t FOOSH and transmitting longitudinal axis of force to create impaction of proximal radial head

47
Q

MC location for forearm / “both bones” Fx?

A

60% of the time radius AND ulnar both break mid-shaft

48
Q

MC elbow Fx in elderly? MOI?

A

Colles Fx

MOI: FOOSH

49
Q

MC age group to get a torus Fx?

A

6-10 yo

Torus Fx: MC fx of the wrist
MOI: axial trauma.
On x-ray looks like cortical bump or bulge

50
Q

2nd MC carpal/wrist Fx?

A

Triquetrum Fx (look for a small, displaced flake on lateral view)

51
Q

What is the MC fx site in the whole body?

A

Phalanges

52
Q

Top 3 dislocation sites in adults

A

1 - shoulder
2 - interphalangeal joints
3 - elbow

53
Q

Type dislocation site in children

A

Elbow

54
Q

MC dislocation vector of the elbow?

A

Posterior and posterolateral

55
Q

MC carpal instability location?

A

Scapholunate dissociation AKA rotary subluxation of scaphoid

56
Q

MC fractured metacarpal?

A

5th

57
Q

MC dislocated carpal?

A

Lunate and then scaphoid

58
Q

MC type of 1st metacarpal Fx?

A

Transverse Fx

61
Q

MC hip dislocation?

A

Posterior (Superior and posterior)

Bone Path I (5 decks)

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