Most Common Flashcards
What is the orthopedic problem commonly seen in large dogs?
CCL
What is a common complication of ovariohysterectomy?
Hemorrhage
What is a complication that can occur during surgery?
Aspiration pneumonia
What is the MC skin disorder in dogs?
Bacterial folliculitis
What is the most common congenital heart defect in dogs?
PDA (female > male)
What is the second MC congenital heart defect in dogs?
MC= most common
Pulmonic stenosis in sm dogs and SAS in Lg.
What type of cardiomyopathy is common in Doberman dogs?
DCM
Which tumor is known to metastasize to the brain?
Hemangiosarcoma (Boxer/Irish/Cocker)
MC secondary brain tumor in dog
Where does hemangiosarcoma commonly occur?
Spleen
What tumors can cause epistaxis?
Nasal adenocarcinoma
What is the most common cause of epistaxis in dogs?
Aspergillus
What type of liver tumor is MC in dogs?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is MC skin tumor in dogs?
Sebaceous gland tumor
What is the most common bone tumor in dogs and cats?
Osteosarcoma (7 years old)
Where is osteosarcoma most commonly located?
Metaphysis
What is the most common site of metastatic bone tumors?
Diaphysis (more blood supply)
What is the most common site of primary bone tumors?
Metaphysis (more cell division)
What is the most common cardiac disease in veterinary medicine?
Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration
What is the most common murmur in small animals?
Mitral regurgitation
L systolic apical
Which breed is hypersensitive to sulfa drugs?
Doberman (Hypersensitivity III)
What is the causative agent of Babesiosis?
B. gibsoni
What is the causative agent of bartonellosis?
B. henselae (cat-dog-human)
What is the primary bacterial pneumonia in dogs?
Bordetella bronchiseptica
What is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism in dogs?
Parathyroid adenoma
What is the most common cause of canine infectious tracheobronchitis?
Bordetella bronchiseptica
What is the most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs?
Acinar atrophy (Rx: enzyme supplementation)
What is the most common cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in cats?
Chronic pancreatitis
What is the most common joint luxation in dogs?
Hip luxation
What is a common cause of cough in puppies under 2 months?
Toxocara canis
What is a benign ocular tumor in dogs?
Meibomian adenoma
What is the most common cause of pyometra in dogs older than 8 years?
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia
What bacteria is commonly associated with pyometra?
E. coli
In which breed are distal radial fractures most common?
Small breed dogs
What is a common cause of chorioretinitis?
Distemper
What is feline acne also known as?
Bacterial folliculitis
What is the most common cause of dermal infections in dogs?
Staph. pseudointermedius (MRSP)
What are the most common traumatic hernias in dogs?
Flank and prepubic hernia
What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in dogs?
Lymphoma
What is the second cause of hypercalcemia in dogs?
Anal sac adenocarcinoma
What is the most common hematopoietic tumor in dogs and cats?
Lymphoma
What is the most common cause of KCS in dogs?
Immune-mediated
What is the most common urinary bladder tumor?
Transitional cell carcinoma (in trigone area)
What is the most common intranasal tumor in dogs?
Adenocarcinoma
What is the most common intranasal tumor in cats?
Lymphosarcoma
Where is the most common place for peripheral nerve sheath tumors?
Brachial plexus
What is the most common cause of intussusception in dogs?
Parvovirus
What is the most common cause of pruritus in dogs and cats?
Flea dermatitis (Ctenocephalides flea)
What is the most common clinical sign of food allergy in dogs?
Pruritus
What is the most common dermal malignancy in dogs?
Mast cell tumor (MCT)
What is the most common cause of seizures in 1-3 year old dogs?
Epilepsy
What is the most common cause of seizures in dogs over 5 years old?
Brain tumor = Cerebral neoplasia
What is the most common cause of non-infectious encephalitis in dogs?
Granulomatous meningoencephalomyelitis (GME)
What is the most common type of brain tumor in dogs and cats?
Meningioma
What are the most common glial tumors in brachycephalic breeds?
Astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas
What is the most common cause of viral encephalitis in dogs?
Distemper
What is the most common cause of congestive heart failure in dogs?
Mitral valve regurgitation
What is the most common congenital cardiac malformation that causes cyanosis?
Tetralogy of Fallot
What is the most common tumor in bitches?
Mammary gland tumor
What is the most common tumor in male dogs?
Skin tumor (MCT = most common malignant tumor in dog and cat)
What is the most frequently recognized malignant neoplasm in dogs and cats?
Mast cell tumor (MCT)
What is the second most common tumor in male and female dogs?
Mammary gland tumor
What is the most common endocrine disease in dogs?
Hypothyroidism
What is the first common colon disease in dogs of all ages?
Trichuris
What is the first parasite of all dogs and cats?
Ascariasis (Toxocara)
What is the first common cause of congestive heart failure in small breed dogs?
Endocarditis
What is the first common cause of congestive heart failure in large breed dogs?
DCM
What is the most common joint disorder in dogs?
DJD (rare in cats)
What is the most common cause of glaucoma in dogs?
Breed predisposition
What is the most common cause of glaucoma in terrier breeds?
Lens luxations
What is the most common epulis or gingival mass found in dog mouths?
Focal fibrous hyperplasia
What is the most common malignant oral tumor in dogs?
Melanoma (then SCC then Fibrosarcoma)
What is the most common tumor of the perineal region in dogs?
Perianal adenomas (more in intact male dogs)
What is the most common malocclusion syndrome in brachycephalic dogs?
Mandibular prognathism or maxillary brachygnathism
What is the most common cause of dystocia in bitches?
Uterine inertia
What are the most common signs in apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma in dogs?
Polyuria and polydipsia (due to hypercalcemia)
What is the most accurate diagnostic test for hypothyroidism in dogs?
Free T4 (95%)
What is the most common bacterial ear infection in dogs?
Staph. pseudintermedius
What is the most common site for thromboembolic disease in dogs?
Pulmonary thromboembolism
What causes rectal prolapse in animals?
GI parasite
What causes cataracts and glaucoma in cats?
Anterior uveitis
What is the causative agent of bacterial conjunctivitis in cats?
Chlamydophila felis
What is the most common intranasal tumor in cats?
Lymphoma
What is the most common primary intraocular tumor?
Melanoma
What is the most common secondary intraocular tumor?
Lymphoma
What is the most common intestinal cancer?
Lymphoma (then carcinoma then MCT)
What is the most common bone tumor in animals?
Osteosarcoma
What is the most common oral tumor?
SCC (then Fibrosarcoma)
What is the first skin tumor in animals?
Basal cell tumor
What is the second skin tumor in animals?
Cutaneous mast cell tumors
What is a common endocrine disease in animals?
Hyperthyroidism (then Diabetes mellitus)
What is the most common cause of aortic thromboembolism in cats?
HCM
What is the most common cardiac disease in cats?
HCM
What causes hematuria and stranguria in cats?
Feline cystic calculi (FIS = FLUTD)
What is a common heart neoplasm in animals?
Lymphosarcoma
What injuries are common from falling from heights?
In carpal joint
What causes pyothorax in cats?
Bite wound
What are the most common tapeworms in cats?
Taenia taeniaeformis and Dipylidium caninum
What is the most common intranasal tumor in dogs?
Nasal adenocarcinoma
What is the most common intranasal tumor in cats?
Nasal lymphoma / Lymphosarcoma
What is the second most common liver tumor?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What is the most common cause of liver failure in cats?
Hepatic lipidosis
What is the most common drug toxicity in cats?
Acetaminophen
What is the most common cause of bacterial pyometra in cats?
E. coli
What is the most common cause of post-anesthetic cortical blindness in cats?
Hypoxia
What is the most common complication concerning heartworms?
Embolism to the lung and sudden death associated with respiratory failure
What is the most accurate diagnostic test for pancreatitis in cats?
Pancreatic biopsy
What is the most common cause for the formation of eosinophilic plaques in the skin of cats?
Flea allergy dermatitis
What is the first cause of pneumonia in 1-6 month old calves in the US?
Enzootic pneumonia (Pasteurella hemolytica)
What is the second cause of pneumonia in 1-6 month old calves in the US?
IBR (Herpes 1)
What causes infectious pneumonia in calf-lamb-kid?
Manheimia hemolytica (Pasteurella hemolytica)
What is a common CNS infection in adult ruminants?
Listeriosis
What is the first cause of temporary infertility in cows?
Campylobacter fetus
What is a common neoplasm in ruminants?
SCC (in eye)
What is the most common cause of contagious mastitis in cattle?
Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus
What is the most common neoplasia in ruminants?
Right atrial lymphoma
What causes infectious abortion in sheep?
Campylobacter jejuni (vibriosis disease)
What causes infectious abortion in goats?
Chlamydophila
What is the adult enteric disease in sheep and goats?
John’s disease
What is a tick-borne disease in cattle?
Anaplasmosis
What is a common cause of death in feeding lambs?
C. perfringens D (overeating disease)
Where does urethral obstruction commonly occur in male goats?
Urethral process
What is a congenital cardiac disease in cows and horses?
VSD (2-3 months of age)
What is a common supraventricular arrhythmia?
Atrial fibrillation
What causes hemolytic anemia in sheep?
Copper toxicity
Which animal is sensitive to copper toxicity?
Sheep
Which animal is least sensitive to copper toxicity?
Pig
What causes vagal indigestion?
TRP
What causes pericarditis?
TRP
What is a common post-partum cause of endometritis?
Truperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes
What is commonly isolated in pituitary abscesses of ruminants?
Arcanobacterium pyogenes
What is the most common ophthalmic abnormality in newborn lambs/piglets?
Entropion
What is the most accurate method for diagnosing mammary gland infection in cows?
Milk culture
What is the most common foot disease in cows?
In lateral claw of rear limb
When does displaced abomasum most commonly occur in dairy cows?
First four weeks postpartum
What is the least common osteochondritis in animals?
In cattle
What is the most common site of osteochondrosis in large animals?
Hock
What are the two most common upper respiratory diseases?
Frontal sinusitis and necrotic laryngitis
What is the most common mode of transmission of contagious mastitis in cows?
Transmission by the milker’s hands and milking equipment
What type of intestinal neoplasia is common in ruminants?
Lymphosarcoma
What type of gastric neoplasia is common in ruminants?
SCC
What is the most common site of gastric ulcers in horses?
Squamous (Non-glandular) stomach
What type of kidney tumor is common in animals?
Renal carcinoma
What type of skin tumor is common in horses?
Sarcoid
What type of ovarian tumor can cause aggression in mares?
Granulosa thecal cell tumor
What type of tumor is commonly found in the tail?
Melanoma
What is a common hock disease in horses?
Bone spavin
What is a common cause of acute hepatic failure in horses?
Theiler’s disease
What causes pneumonia in adult horses?
Strep. equi
What causes pneumonia in 2-6 month old foals?
Rhodococcus equi
What parasite causes uveitis in horses?
Onchocerca (culicoides vector)
What causes keratitis in horses?
Pseudomonas (g-) (bacterial keratitis)
What is equine recurrent uveitis also known as?
Equine night blindness = moon blindness = periodic ophthalmia
What causes colic in newborn foals?
Meconium impaction
What is a common cerebellar disease in 1-6 month old foals?
Cerebellar abiotrophy (Arabian foal)
What causes infectious infertility in horses?
Strep. equi Zooepidemicus
What is a common non-infectious cause of abortion in horses?
Twinning
What is the most common infectious cause of abortion in horses?
Equine herpesvirus (25%)
What is a common cause of infectious abortion in horses?
Herpes
What is the most common intracranial tumor in horses?
Pituitary adenoma
What causes contagious metritis in horses?
Taylorella
Which foals are sensitive to combined immunodeficiency?
Arabian foals
What is a common cause of cutaneous ulcerative granuloma?
Habronemiasis
What is a common pathologic arrhythmia in horses?
Atrial fibrillation
What is a common non-pathologic arrhythmia in horses?
2nd AV block
What is a congenital cardiac abnormality in horses?
VSD
What is a common pruritic disorder in horses?
Insect hypersensitivity
What is bilirubinemia associated with?
Hemolytic anemia
What fungus is found in the guttural pouch of horses?
Aspergillus
What are the signs of guttural mycosis?
Dysphagia (CN 7-9-10-11-12)
What is the most common cause of death (fatal pneumonia) in foals?
Equine adenovirus
What tendon is commonly injured in horses?
Superficial digital flexor tendon
Where does impaction commonly occur in horses?
In pelvic flexure
What type of ovarian tumor is common in horses?
Granulosa-thecal cell tumor
What is the most common congenital anomaly of the equine urinary tract?
Ectopic ureter
What is a common cause of colic in miniature horses?
Small colon impaction
What is the most common slab fracture in horses?
In third carpal bone
What is the most common chip fracture in horses?
In radial carpal bone and radius
What is the most common atrial arrhythmia in horses?
Atrial fibrillation
What is the least concerning atrial arrhythmia in horses?
Atrial premature complexes
What is the most common angular limb deformity in foals?
Valgus
What is the most common cause of diarrhea in foals?
Rotavirus
What is the most common internal neoplasia in horses?
Lymphoma
What is the most common testicular tumor in horses?
Seminoma (sertoli cell tumor)
What is the most common endocrine disease in horses?
Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID)
What is the most common cause of death in foals with failure of passive transfer?
Adenovirus
What are the two common types of ureteroliths and uroliths in horses?
Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate
What is the most common cause of angular deformities in horses?
Metaphysial dysplasia
What is the most common cause of death in foals?
Failure of passive transfer or combined immunodeficiency, leading to an often fatal pneumonia caused by Adenovirus.
What are the two common types of ureteroliths and uroliths in horses?
Calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate.
What is the most common angular limb deformity in foals?
Valgus.
What is the most common cause of angular deformities in foals?
Metaphysial dysplasia.
What is the most common cause of colic in Miniature horses?
Small colon impaction.
What is the most common side effect of acepromazine in horses?
Hypotension.
What is the most common cause of pneumonia in foals and adult horses?
Streptococcus spp.
What is the most common hock disease in horses?
Bog spavin.
Where does the most common conduction disorder in horses occur?
At the level of the Atrioventricular node (AV node).
What is the most common cause of genital infections in horses?
Pneumovagina.
What are the most common parasites predisposing a 2-month-old foal to pneumonia?
Parascaris.
What is the most common cause of stillbirth in pigs?
PRRS.
What is an effective way for synchronizing lactating sows?
Batch wean at 3-4 weeks.
What is the cause of fetal death in pigs without signs in the mother?
Parvovirus.
What is the most common cause of reproductive failure related to leptospirosis?
Reproductive failure.
What causes cystic ovaries in pigs?
Zearalenone.
What is the most common cause of economic loss in swine with atrophic rhinitis?
Pasteurella multocida.
What is the most common cause of diarrhea in nursing piglets less than 5 days old?
E. coli (Enterotoxogenic strains).
What is the most common and largest swine worm?
Ascaris suum.
What is the most common cause of aural hematomas in pigs?
Bites inflicted by other pen mates.
What is the most common cause of tuberculosis in swine in the US?
Mycobacterium avium.
What is the most common sign of Fusobacterium necrophorum in young pigs?
Necrotic rhinitis.
What is the most common worldwide cause of fetal death without signs of illness in the sow?
Rotavirus.
What is the most sensitive animal to copper toxicity?
Sheep.
What is the most common cause of hemolytic anemia in sheep?
Copper toxicity.
What is the most non-sensitive animal to copper toxicity?
Pig.
What is the most common cause of abortion in sheep?
Campylobacter jejuni (vibriosis).
What is the most common infectious disease observed on physical exam in sheep and goats?
Caseous lymphadenitis.
What is the common cause of internal abscesses in small ruminants?
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.
What is the most important GI parasite of sheep and goats in moderate, warm, wet climates?
Haemonchus contortus.
What are the most common five GI parasites of sheep and goats?
Haemonchus contortus, Cooperia spp, Nematodirus spp, Trichostrongylus axei, and Telodorsagia circumcincta.
What is the most common ophthalmic abnormality in newborn lambs?
Entropion.
What is the most common GI tumor in birds?
Cloacal papilloma.
What is the most common congenital disorder in camelids?
Choanal atresia.
What causes diarrhea in adult camels?
Trichuris (whipworm); best treatment is Panacur (fenbendazole).
What is the most common neoplasia of female rabbits?
Uterine adenocarcinoma (80% incidence among intact females of certain species).
What is the most common tumor in ferrets?
Insulinoma (causes hypoglycemia).
What is the second most common tumor in ferrets?
Adrenal tumor.
What is the second most common tumor of the skin in ferrets?
Mast cell tumors.
What is the most common cause of hair loss in adult ferrets older than 4 years?
Adrenal disease (hyperestrogenism).
What is the third most common tumor in ferrets?
Lymphoma.
What is the first cardiac disease in ferrets?
DCM (Dilated Cardiomyopathy).
What causes seizures in adult ferrets?
Insulinoma.
What are the most common uroliths in animals and humans?
Struvite.
What is the most common urolith in ferrets?
Struvite.
What is the second most common urolith in ferrets?
Calcium oxalate.
What is the most common urolith in acidic urine?
Calcium oxalate.
What is the most common urolith in alkaline urine?
Struvite.
What is the most common urinary bladder tumor in animals?
Transitional cell tumor.
What is the most common primary bacterial pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumonia.
What migrates as visceral larvae?
Toxocara.
What migrates as cutaneous larvae?
Ancylostoma.
What is a contagious disease in avians?
Marek’s disease (Herpes).
What is the most common pathologic arrhythmia in veterinary medicine?
MMVD (myxomatous mitral valve disease).
What is the most common chronic disease in aquarium fish?
Mycobacteriosis.
What is the most common metabolic bone disease in green iguanas?
Metabolic bone disease.
What is the most common renal disease in hamsters?
Amyloidosis.
What is the most common historical finding with adrenal disease in ferrets?
Progressive alopecia and pruritis.
What is the most common food-borne infection in humans?
Campylobacter jejuni (from milk).
What is the most common cause of Cat Scratch Disease in humans?
Bartonella henselae.
What is the most common cause of kidney disease in kids?
E. coli O157:H7.
What is the first important zoonotic disease in humans?
Rabies.
What is the most common iodine deficiency in Budgerigars?
Causes goiter (thyroid hyperplasia).
What is the most common bacterial infection in fish worldwide?
Aeromonas salmonicida.
What is the most common reservoir or mixing vessel for avian influenza virus?
Ducks, geese, and gulls (wild waterfowl).
