Mosby's Comprehensive Review Practice Exam 1

Question 1

babinski reflex

Answer 1

elicited by stroking the outer sole of the foot upward from the heel across the ball of the foot, causing dorsiflexion of the big toe and fanning of the toes

Question 2

breast care for sore nipples from breast feeding

Answer 2

Airing the nipples as much as possible, and using heat, will help dry the nipples and decrease discomfort.

Question 3

What is the optimum insulin regimen for most children with diabetes?

Answer 3

The precise dose of insulin and optimum regimen cannot be predicted and need to be individualized for every child. Insulin requirements do not remain constant, changing with growth, activity, and pubertal status

Question 4

What is the rationale for erythropoietin therapy?

Answer 4

Administration of erythropoietin intravenously or subcutaneously is effective in treating the anemia that results from the decrease in erythropoietin production occurring with kidney failure.

Question 5

what are the early manifestation of ovarian cancer?

Answer 5

Ovarian cancer in its early stages may not cause symptoms, or they may include mild pressure in the abdomen, pelvis, or back of the legs. There may be abdominal swelling or gastro-intestinal symptoms, such as indigestion, nausea, and bloating

Question 6

How to respond when a patient says they have nothing to say when encouraged to join a group therapy session - mental health

Answer 6

state “You feel you have nothing to say?” - This allows the practical nurse to further explore Ms. Manche’s feelings of low self-worth and may lead to a discussion about the therapeutic effects of the group discussion.

Question 7

what action by a practical nurse may be of immediate help to manage a patient with dementia who is agitated and aggressive?

Answer 7

Hand the pt a cloth and ask them to dust the furniture- Redirection is often helpful when dealing with difficult behaviour. Performing an activity such as dusting, which would be a familiar activity to Mrs. Ensoy, may calm her.

Question 8

what classification would be given to a women who just had membranes spontaneously rupture at 36 weeks.

Answer 8

With ruptured membranes, there is a risk of ascending infection, particularly B Streptococcus. If the infant is not delivered, the risk of infection increases relative to the time that has passed since the membranes ruptured; therefore, antibiotics are given to the mother.

Question 9

what most can cause a pattern decelerations that may be seen during fetal heart monitoring

Answer 9

Head compression may cause early decelerations.

Question 10

a patient is becoming dehydrated what do you do?

Answer 10

apply lubricant to his lips and oral mucous membranes - Skin dryness can lead to discomfort. Lubricating the lips and mucous membranes is soothing.

Question 11

Bronchiolitis

Answer 11

Bronchiolitis, most often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), is common in infants during the fall and winter. It often begins with an upper respiratory infection. Symptoms include dyspnea, paroxysmal non-productive cough, tachypnea with retractions and nasal flaring, and wheezing

Question 12

humidified oxygen

Answer 12

Mist therapy is generally combined with oxygen to alleviate the dyspnea and hypoxia.

Question 13

immediately after insertion of a PICC what should be the priority assessment

Answer 13

hemorrhage at the insertion site - This is the priority assessment. As with any invasive procedure, bleeding from an arterial access device carries considerable risk and could be life-threatening.

Question 14

Why is it important to irrigate the colostomy?

Answer 14

Irrigation helps regulate the evacuation of feces - The primary purpose of irrigating a colostomy is to promote regular bowel movements

Question 15

what hormone will a pregnancy test kit test to determine if someone is pregnant?

Answer 15

HCG - This hormone is produced by the chorionic villi of the developing embryo and is present in the blood and urine of a pregnant woman.

Question 16

most important question to ask the mother after spontaneous miscarriage

Answer 16

“Do you know if you are Rh-negative or Rh-positive?” - Aubrey’s Rh status must be identified. If she is Rh-negative, she will require administration of RhoGAM within 72 hours of the miscarriage to prevent antibody formation in future pregnancies

Question 17

impetigo

Answer 17

Impetigo is an infection of the skin caused by Streptococcus or Staphylococcus bacteria and is transmissible to other children. The child with impetigo must be isolated from other children until 24–48 hours after treatment has started.

Question 18

A patient tells you they allergic to a medication what should your first action be?

Answer 18

Ask them what occurs when they take that medication - It is important to first obtain more information from Mrs. Collins about the allergy. Some clients have a sensitivity reaction; with others, it may be anaphylactic.