Mosby’s Clinical Chemisty Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is whole blood composed of?
Fluid and cellular components
What is plasma?
Fluid portion of blood in which cells are suspended
What is serum?
The fluid portion with fibrinogen protein removed
What does a lipemic serum look like and what is it caused by?
Cloudy, excessive liquids
Often because of diet, metabolic disease or inadequate fasting
What does hemolytic serum look like and what is it caused by?
Pink to reddish tint
Damage to red blood cells
What does icteric serum look like and what is it caused by?
Yellow tinge
Indicative of liver disease except in certain species in which it can be normal
What is the best anticoagulant for plasma samples?
Heparin
What anticoagulant is preferred if doing electrolyte assays?
Lithium heparin
EDTA is the anticoagulant of choice for what kind of test?
Hematologic tests
Sodium fluoride anticoagulants are best used for running?
Glucose assays
What anticoagulant is best for running coagulation assays?
Citrate
Spectrophometers are designed to measure?
The amount of light transmitted through a solution
Electrochemical methods are used to evaluate?
Electrolytes and other ionic compounds
What is it called when there are elevations on both blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine?
Azotemia
BUN increased when urine output ______
BUN decreases when urine output______
Decreases
Increases
What does urea nitrogen evaluate?
Glomerular filtration and renal function
What are some prerenal factors?
Shock and dehydration
What are some postrenal factors?
Obstruction in the ureters, bladder, or urethra
What is a more reliable indicator of kidney function than creatinine?
SDMA
The pancreatic endocrine functions involves?
The production of the hormones glucagon and insulin
The pancreatic exocrine functions involves?
The production and release of the enzymes lipase, amylase, and trypsin into the duodenum for digestion
What is hyperglycemia?
High blood glucose
What is hypoglycemia
Low blood glucose
_______ release directly stimulates ______ release.
Glucagon
Insulin
What is the hypoglycemic hormone that lowers blood glucose?
Insulin
What is amylase and what does it do?
Amylase is an enzyme that acts to break down complex starches and glucagon
What is lipase and what does it do?
Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down the long-chain fatty acids of lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
