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BOTANY > Morphology Of Flowering Plants > Flashcards

Morphology Of Flowering Plants Flashcards

1
Q

Which plants have photosynthetic roots?

A

Tinospora and Trapa

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2
Q

Types of Roots & Examples

A
  1. Tap Root :
    -Dicots (mustard)
  2. Adventitious Root:
    - Monocot (grasses), monstera, ficus(dicot)
  3. Fibrous Root:
    -Monocot( rice and wheat)
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3
Q

Root Modifications + Examples

A

TAP ROOT

  1. Fusiform root - Radish (Raphanus Sativus)
  2. Conical Root - Carrot (Daucas Carrota)
  3. Napiform Root - Turnip, Beet root (Beta vulgaris)
  4. Nodulated root- Pea, Bean, gram (Fabeaceae)
  5. Respiratory root (pneumatophores) - Mangrove plants (Rhizophora)

ADVENTITIOUS ROOT

  1. Tuberous root - Sweet Potato (Ipomea batata)
  2. Fasciculated root - Dahlia, Asparagus
  3. Brace root/ Stilt root - sugarcane, maize, Rhizophora
  4. Prop root/ Pillar root- Banyan (Ficus specia)
  5. Foliar root - Bryophyllum
  6. Parasitic/ Sucking/ Haustorial root - Cuscuta (amarbel)
  7. Hanging/ Aerial root-
    Vanda & Orchid
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4
Q

Roots have root pocket in:

A

1) Eichhornia (Water Hyacinth)
2) Pistia

Root pockets are substitute of root cap in hydrophytes which help them float

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5
Q

False Fruit

A

Apple
Strawberry
Mulberry
Pear
Jackfruit
Cashew Nut

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6
Q

Parthenocarpic fruit

A

Banana
Grape

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7
Q

SIMPLE FLESHY FRUIT
( PERICARP DIFFERENTIATED)
1. Drupe

A
  • Stony Endocarp
    -develops from monocarpellary gynoecium with superior ovary
  • single seeded

Mango (edible mesocarp)
Coconut (Coir of coconut - hair- mesocarp, edible part : seed and endosperm)
Walnut (edible seed)
Almond (edible seed)
Plum
Peach

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8
Q
  1. Berry
A
  • generally multiseeded
  • mesocarp and endocarp are fused and pulpy
    -axile placentation

Mesocarp + Endocarp edible:
1. Brinjal (swollen placenta also edible)
2. Banana

Complete fruit edible:
1. Guava
2. Grape
3. Tomato
4. Date (single seeded)

Mesocarp edible:
1. Papaya

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9
Q
  1. Pepo
A

-Large sized Berry with thick epicarp
-Parietal Placentation
- “Gourd”

Watermelon
Muskmelon
Bitter Gourd
Cucumber

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10
Q
  1. Hesperidium
A

Special type of Berry with leathery epicarp

Citrus fruit (orange)
Edible part : Juicy glandular hair

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11
Q
  1. Pome
A

False Fruit as it develops from thalamus

Apple
Pear
Edible part: Thalamus

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12
Q
  1. Balusta
A

Edible part : Juicy succulent Testa

Pomegranate

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13
Q

SIMPLE DRY FRUIT
(PERICARP NOT DIFFERENTIATED)
1. Indehiscent fruit

A
  1. CARYOPSIS
    Thin pericarp fused with seed coat
    Single seeded

Wheat
Maize

  1. ACHENE
    Single seeded fruit
    Pericarp isn’t fused with seed coat
  2. CYPSELLA
    Single seeded fruit
    Has Pappus
  3. NUT
    Single seeded fruit
    Stony pericarp

Cashewnut ( False Fruit: fruit develops from peduncle
Edible part : cotyledon)

Water chestnut
(Trapa, singara)

Litchi (edible part : Aril ; 3rd integument)

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14
Q
  1. Dehiscent Fruit
A
  1. Pod/Legume - Fabeaceae
  2. Siliqua - mustard (Brassicaceae)
  3. Capsule - Lady Finger, cotton, opium, datura (Malvaceae)
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15
Q
  1. Schizocarpic
A
  1. Lomentum
    -Groundnut (Underground: geocarpic)
    (Archishypogea)
  • Tamarind
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16
Q

AGGREGATE FRUIT

A

Etaerio of Berry - Annona / Custard Apple

Etaerio of Achene - Strawberry (edible part: thalamus)

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17
Q

COMPOSITE FRUIT

A

False Fruit
(Develops from complete inflorescence)

  1. Sorosis
    Develops from spike (pineapple)
    Catkin (mulberry)
    Spadix (Jackfruit)
  2. Sycosus/ Syconium
    Develops from hypenthodium (Fig)
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18
Q

Actinomorphic

A

Mustard (Brassicaceae)
Datura, Chilli (Solanaceae)
Lily (Liliaceae)
Sunflower disc florets

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19
Q

Zygomorphic

A
  1. Pea, Bean (Fabeaceae)
  2. Cassia, Gulmohar (Caesalpinoideae)
  3. Sunflower ray floret
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20
Q

Asymmetrical flower

A

Canna

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21
Q

Hypogynous Flower

A

Brassicaceae
Solanaceae
Fabeaceae
Liliaceae
Malvaceae

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22
Q

Perigynous Flower

A

Plum
Peach
Rose

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23
Q

Epigynous Flower

A

Sunflower
Apple
Cucumber
Guava

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24
Q

Bracteate Flower

A

Fabeaceae
Liliaceae

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25
Q

Ebracteate flower

A

Brassicaceae

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26
Q

BRACT MODIFICATIONS
1. Petalloid

A

Bougainvillea

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27
Q
  1. Spathe
A

Banana, Maize

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28
Q
  1. Glume
A

Wheat

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29
Q

Calyx and Corolla in families

A
  1. Brassicaceae - Polysepalous and Polypetalous
  2. Solanaceae- Gamosepalous and Gamopetalous
  3. Fabeaceae - Gamosepalous and Polypetalous
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30
Q

SEPAL MODIFICATIONS
1. Advertising flag

A

Mussanda

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31
Q
  1. Spines
32
Q
  1. Pappus
33
Q
  1. Persistent sepal
A

Brinjal
Tomato
Ladyfinger
Pomegranate

34
Q

AESTIVATION
1. Valvate

A

Brassicaceae
Solanaceae
Liliaceae
Calotropis

35
Q
  1. Twisted
36
Q
  1. Imbricate
A

Caesalpinoideae

37
Q
  1. Vexillary/ Papilionaceous/Imbricate descending
38
Q

TYPES OF COROLLA
1. Cross form/ Crucifer form Corolla

39
Q

Camapanulate/ Bell shaped Corolla

A

Camapnulla
Tobacco

40
Q

Infundibuliform Corolla

41
Q

Tubular Corolla

A

Sunflower disc floret

42
Q

Rotate Corolla

43
Q

Monoadelphous androecium

A

China rose

44
Q

Diadelphous androecium

45
Q

Polyadelphous androecium

46
Q

Syngenacous androecium

47
Q

Synandrous androecium

A

Cucurbetaceae family

48
Q

Epipetalous Condition

A

Solanaceae
Malvaceae
Compositeae

49
Q

Epitepallous/ Epiphyllous condition

50
Q

Gynandrous condition

51
Q

Tetradynamous condition

52
Q

Didynamous condition

A

Family Labiateae
Salvia
Osmium

53
Q

Staminode is present in

54
Q

Monocarpellary

55
Q

Bicarpellary

A

Solanaceae
Brassicaceae

56
Q

Tricarpellary

57
Q

Apocarpous

A

Rose
Lotus
Michelia

58
Q

Syncarpous

A

Brassicaceae
Solanaceae
Liliaceae
Malvaceae
Papavar (Opium)

59
Q

PLACENTATION
Marginal

60
Q

Parietal

A

CAB
1. Cucumber
2. Argemone
3. Brassicaceae (mustard, capsella)

61
Q

Axile

A

MASALA

Malvaceae
Asparagus
Solanaceae
Lemon

62
Q

Free Central

A

DP

Dianthus
Primrose

63
Q

Basal

A

GST

Gramineae (Poaceae)
Sunflower
Tegetes (marigold)

64
Q

INFLORESCENCE
RACEMOSE
Raceme

A

Brassicaceae (mustard, raddish)

65
Q

Spike

66
Q

Catkin

67
Q

Spadix

A

Banana
Maize
Jackfruit

68
Q

Umbel

69
Q

Racemose head/ Capitulum/ Anthodium

70
Q

CYMOSE
Uniparous/Monochasial Cyme

71
Q

Biparous/Dichasial Cyme

A

Bougainvillea

72
Q

Polyparous/Multichasial Cyme

A

Callotropis

73
Q

SPECIAL RYPE OF INFLORESCENCE
Cythium

74
Q

Verticellester

A

Family Labiateae
Salvia
Osmium

75
Q

Hyoenthodium

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