Morphology & Lexicology Flashcards
Word Classes: Noun
Things
Word Classes: Modal Verb
Mark for probability, possibility, obligation, or necessity
Word Classes: Auxiliary Verb
Shows that an action is complete, ongoing, or habitual
Word Classes: Adjectives
Describe nouns
Word Classes: Adverbs
Describes words other that nouns, often verbs or adjectives
Word Classes: Preposition
Express relationship in terms of time or location
Word Classes: Pronouns
Replace nouns or noun phrases
Word Classes: Determiners
Indicate definitiveness, quantity, or possession (a, the, some, my)
Word Classes: Conjunctions (Coordinating and Subordinating)
Joining words that connect clauses or phrases together.
Coordinating: FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
Subordinating: because, if, unless, since, when
Free Morpheme
Morpheme that can stand on its own
Bound Morpheme
Morpheme that cannot stand on its own
Inflectional Affixes
Do not change core meaning of the word
Derivational Affixes
Do change the core meaning of a word
Word Formation processes: Blends
Combination of two words
Word Formation processes: Acronyms/Initialisms
Acronym: Say in one word (NASA)
Initialism: Say each letter (FBI)
Word Formation processes: Shortenings
Removing parts of a word or phrase
Word Formation processes: Compounding
Attaching one word to another (Lighthouse)
Word Formation processes: Contractions
Shortening within words (cannot - can’t)
Word Formation processes: Commonisations
Words once proper nouns but now are common nouns (Velcro)
Word Formation processes: Collocations
Words that go together (quick shower rather than fast shower)
Word Formation processes: Neologisms
New words created (Uber, Google)
Word Formation processes: Borrowings
Words borrowed from other languages (Tsunami)
Word Formation processes: Australian English suffixation
Adding suffixes to words : Brekkie, Arvo, Tassie, Johnno
Word classes
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
Prepositions
Pronouns
Determiners
Conjunctions
