Morphology and Lexicology Flashcards
Noun
A person, place or thing.
Example: tree, table, toilet
Verb
An action word.
Example: eat, sleep
Auxiliary (Verb)
A auxiliary verb is a helper verb which can give a sentence grammatical structure.
Example: do, be, have
Modal (Verb)
A verb that indicates the possibility of an action.
Example: will, could
Adjectives
A modifier of nouns and its attributes.
Example: sleepy, smelly
Adverbs
A modifier of verbs.
Example: quickly, aggressively
Prepositions
Indicates a position, place, position or time.
Example: above, beside
Pronouns
Replaces a noun in a sentence.
Example: he, her, she
Conjunctions
Joins two independent clauses or linguistic units together.
Example: for, and, nor, because, or, yet, so
Determiners
Determines which/what noun is being referred to.
Example: That, they
Interjections
An expression of emotion.
Example: Ugh! Oh! Wow!
Function Words
A word that hold grammatical structure in a sentence.
Example: function words such as because, he, yet.
Content Words
A word that has meaning to it.
Example: toilet, ninja
Affixation
Adding an affix to a word to modify its meaning.
Prefix
Adding an affix to the start of a word.
Suffix
Adding an affix to the end of a word.
Example: issue -> issued (adding an ādā)
Infix
Adding a morpheme in the middle of a word.
Example: Abso-bloody-lutely.
Inflection
An affix added to a word. It may change the tense but not the meaning.
Examples: Dog -> Dogs, Fly - Flew
Derivation
An affix added to a word which forms a word with altered meaning.
Examples: Feel -> Feelings
Root (Morpheme)
The core unit of a word. The smallest unit of individual meaning.
Bound (Morpheme)
Requires a root morpheme or else it does not make grammatical sense.
Example: -ly, -ness
Free (Morpheme)
A morpheme that can occur alone.
Example: television
Suffixation in Australian English
-
Blends
Words created by combining the contraction of two or more words.
Example: Shopper + Alcoholic = Shopaholic
