More Notes Flashcards
What is the definition of ‘input’ in electronics?
An input is any signal or data sent to a component or system to control its behavior.
In the context of LEDs on a breakout board, it refers to the signal sent from a microcontroller or power source to the LED.
What does ‘output’ mean in the context of electronics?
An output is the response or action taken by a component after receiving an input signal.
In the case of LEDs, the LED itself visually indicates the result of the input signal.
What are the two states of a digital signal?
ON and OFF.
In LED control, this means either fully on (at full brightness) or completely off.
What is an analogue signal?
An analogue signal has a range of values, allowing for variable control of a component’s behavior, such as an LED’s brightness.
What is the difference between digital pins and analogue pins?
Digital pins can only read or write binary values (high or low), while analogue pins can read a range of values.
Digital pins are used for on/off signals, whereas analogue pins are used to measure variable voltages.
What does Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) do?
PWM simulates an analogue signal by rapidly switching a digital pin between high and low states at different intervals.
What is an if statement in programming?
An if statement is a control structure that allows a program to make decisions and execute code based on whether a condition is true or false.
What are the components of a complete program utilizing an if statement?
- Input: Takes input from the user
- Logic (Process): Uses if, elif, and else conditions
- Output: Provides a response based on conditions
When does the ‘else’ block in an if statement execute?
The ‘else’ block runs when the conditions in the if and elif statements are not met.
What voltage levels do digital pins output?
- High (1): typically 5V or 3.3V
- Low (0): 0V
Fill in the blank: A digital signal typically sends a _______ signal.
[binary]
True or False: Analogue pins can only read binary values.
False
What is the role of analogue-to-digital converters (ADCs) in microcontrollers?
ADCs interpret analogue signals as digital values, allowing for the measurement of continuous voltages.
What happens when a digital pin is set to high?
It outputs a fixed voltage, typically 5V or 3.3V.
What does the LED’s brightness or color indicate?
It can represent different types of outputs based on the input signals it receives.
