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mooring and anchoring Flashcards

1
Q

Which general term is used to refer to the anchor, anchor chain, anchor windlass, and auxiliary equipment? (Page C6-1)

A

Ground tackle

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2
Q

What is all equipment called which is used in anchoring and mooring with anchors and buoy mooring with chain and appendages? (Page 4-1)

A

Ground tackle

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3
Q

Which term as used in seamanship describes a device or rigging arrangement that is used to temporarily hold a part of running rigging or ground tackle that may come under tension? (Page 4-30)

A

stopper

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4
Q

Oceangoing tugs should not be asked to maneuver unassisted in which type of waters? (Page 6-1)

A

restricted

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5
Q

What will sudden speed increases cause dramatic increases in and potentially place the tow and crew in danger? (Page 6-1)

A

towline tension

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6
Q

An increase in what should accompany speed increases? (Page 6-1)

A

towline scope

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7
Q

Who needs be particularly aware of tides, currents, and wind when getting underway from a pier with a tow? (Page 6-1)

A

conning officer

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8
Q

Which type of lines are used to send messenger lines to the tow which is then attached to the primary pendant? (Page 6-3)

A

heaving

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9
Q

Study Guide

What can produce high loads on the riding lines very quickly? (Page 6-3)

A

surging

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10
Q

Using how many riding lines is a good method for lateral control, especially when towing a small vessel at very short scope in shallow restricted waters prior to final streaming of the tow? (Page 6-3)

A

2

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11
Q

Backup wires must be laced forward of the towing pads if using what to connect the bridle to the tow? (Page 6-6)

A

towing pad

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12
Q

What is often the simplest, strongest, and most efficient connection method for connecting the pendant into the tow’s anchor chain with the correct connecting link? (Page 6-7)

A

shackle

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13
Q

Which type of bitts are a possible choice for securing a tow hawser?

A

mooring

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14
Q

U.S. Navy bitts are designed to withstand the breaking strength of the mooring line for which they are designed, with a factor of safety of what on ultimate strength? (Page 6-8)

A

3

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15
Q

An improved connection where slack can be minimized can be made using wire that is the same size as the what? (Page 6-9)

A

towing pendant

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16
Q

If two turns are taken around the first set of bitts, only about what percent of the total load is passed on to the second bitts? (Page 6-9)

A

6-12

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17
Q

What must be established between the involved vessels as the first step in approaching a tow to be picked up at sea? (Page 6-10)

A

differential drift

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18
Q

What is used to pass a towline to the tow? (Page 6-10)

A

messenger

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19
Q

How many or more feet can an experienced seaman under favorable circumstances throw a heaving line? (Page 6-10)

A

100

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20
Q

Line-throwing guns can carry the bitter end of the messenger, an experienced seaman can safely and accurately fire the gun a distance of over how many feet? (Page 6-12)

A

300

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21
Q

What is the primary means of communication between ships in a towing situation? (Page 6-12)

A

radio

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22
Q

Which publication contains the most commonly accepted methods for communicating between ships at sea? (Page 6-12)

A

nwp-14-1

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23
Q

Which term describes a condition where the opposing moment of the towline is the same as or greater than the turning moment created by rudder and other hydrodynamic forces? (Page 6-14)

A

in irons

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24
Q

What is the ideal position of the tow point to allow the tug maximum freedom of rotation in steering? (Page 6-14)

A

natural pivot point

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25
The tug's natural pivot point is dependent on hull and rudder design; it is usually located on the center line at about what amount of the tug's length from the bow? (Page 6-14)
1/3
26
What will most tows do, usually in response to wave action on the tow's bow or stern? (Page 6-16)
YAW
27
Tows with which type of bows tend to sheer more than those with "fine" bows? (Page 6-16)
Bulbous
28
What by the stern makes the towed vessel less susceptible to yawing?(Page 6-16)
Trimming
29
What can be used to reduce or eliminate yawing and sheering if the tow is tracking poorly but is steerable? (Page 6-16)
Rudder
30
What will create a larger drag than a free-wheeling propeller, thereby resulting in reduced towing speed? (Page 6-16)
Locked propeller
31
What do submarines and ships with bulbous bows or forward sonar domes tow better on than on a bridle? (Page 6-17)
single pendant
32
What is not recommended with a tow except in an emergency? (Page 6-17)
Backing down
33
Barges generally should not be towed faster than about how many knots under mild sea conditions? (Page 6-18)
8
34
Small service craft and some dry docks should be limited to about how many knots under mild sea conditions? (Page 6-18)
6
35
What is the practice of changing the scope of the towline so no single point is continuously in contact with the caprail? (Page 6-18)
"nip the tow"
36
What are simple light line procedures used for transferring? (Page 6-21)
small freight
37
Each vessel provides its own emergency towing hawser to form half of the total towing system when two Navy ships are involved in which type of operation? (Page 6-24)
Tow and be towed
38
What has details on ship towing gear and contains diagrams illustrating how to rig for being towed or for towing another ship for surface ships and some submarines? (Page 6-24)
SIB
39
Carriers are equipped with a 2 - 1/2 inch diameter 6 * 37 galvanized wire rope, and a how many-foot towing hawser? (Page 6-24)
900
40
What may be the best way to save the tow when towing a casualty or a vessel that is likely to sink? (Page 6-29)
beaching
41
What is the main resource for recovering and storing a towline? (Page 6-31)
Tow machine
42
Only stoppers with which capability should be used when stopping the tow line for breaking? (Page 6-31)
quick release
43
The weight of a 21/4 -inch IWRC wire is almost how many pounds per foot?
10
44
How many or more feet is a typical towline scope? (Page 6-32)
1,500
45
Which equipment is used for anchoring and mooring with anchors?
ground tackle
46
What is a permanent record of your ground tackle and its use?
Anchor log
47
Who are responsible for the ship's ground tackle and towing gear?
BMS
48
How many designs of stockless anchors are in use on naval ships?
3
49
What is the equipment used in anchoring and in mooring with anchors?
ground tackle
50
How many types of Lightweight-type (LWT) anchors are used on Navy ships?
2
51
Lightweight-type (LWT) anchors are used as bow and stem anchors. Sizes below how many pounds are used as boat anchors?
150
52
Which type of anchor is used on surface ships where the ship's conventional anchors interfere with the ship's sonar dome?
Two-fluke balanced-fluke
53
Which type of anchors are used by some older submarines and for special purposes, such as moorings for buoys and torpedo-testing barges?
mushroom
54
Each anchor of over how many pounds ordered by the Naval Sea Systems Command is assigned a serial number, which is cast or cut into the anchor before it is delivered?
100
55
Modern Navy anchor chain is made of which type of chain with studs?
Die lock
56
Anchor chains furnished in time of war have been of all types: wrought iron; BBB close link steel; die-lock chain, forged and welded; stud-link; and cast steel. Which type of chain is standard in the Navy today?
Die lock
57
The lengths of chain that are connected together to make up the ship's anchor chain are called what?
shots
58
A standard shot is how many fathoms (90 feet) long?
15
59
Shots of anchor chain at one time were joined by an ordinary U-shaped shackle called a connecting shackle. The connecting shackle was replaced by the Kenter shackle, which in turn was replaced by what?
detachable link
60
Which type of shackles are used to attach the anchor to the chain?
Bending
61
What minimize kinking or twisting of the anchor chain?
chain swivels
62
What make it possible to stop off the anchor and break the chain between the windlass and the anchor?
Bending shots
63
What are used to hold the anchor taut in the hawsepipes, to ride at anchor, or to hold the anchors when the anchor chain is disconnected for any reason?
Chain stoppers
64
Special housing chain stoppers, such as what or the paw1 type of stoppers, normally are used with horizontal windlasses and where space limitations do not permit use of Navy standard stoppers?
Devils claw
65
Towing chain stoppers are similar to riding and housing chain stoppers, except towing chain stoppers have what added to them?
Locking plates
66
All mooring shackles, regardless of size, have a standard mortise (opening) of how many inches?
7
67
What is used to pick the chain up to pass a chain stopper?
Cable jack
68
What is used in clearing a hawse fouled by the anchor chain?
Clear Hawse Pendant
69
Which colors are used to paint the detachable links of anchor chain to indicate fathoms?
Red, white, or blue
70
Which color is the last detachable link of an anchor chain?
red
71
The bitter end of the anchor chain is secured to a padeye in the chain locker by a safety anchor shackle. The padeye, welded to a specially reinforced bulkhead, is rated at 1.75 times the breaking strength of the shackle. The strength of the shackle must approximate the weight of how many shots of anchor chain hanging from the hawsepipe?
20
72
At least once each how many months must all anchor chain (including shackles, shackle pins, and detachable links), regardless of size, be examined, overhauled, and placed in a good state of preservation?
18
73
Who is responsible for the evolution on the forecastle while the ship is anchoring and weighing anchor?
1stLT
74
Under normal conditions, a ship usually anchors to a scope of chain between how many times the depth of the water or anchoring normagraph?
5 and 7
75
Which method of mooring to a buoy is a simple and rapid means of easing the bitter end of the chain (controlled by an easing-out line) down to the mooring buoy by letting it slide on the wire shackled to the buoy?
trolley
76
In general, when hauling more than how many fathoms of chain, do not exceed about half speed on the anchor windlass?
60
77
A shackle and a padeye are provided in the chain locker to secure the bitter end of the chain and prevent it from inadvertently paying out. The strength of the padeye must be how manytimes the strength of the shackle?
1.75
78
What provides the latest guidance concerning authorized synthetic towing hawsers and end fittings?
NAVSEA
79
Which target-tow sled is the prevalent target used by the U.S. Navy?
williams
80
Which term covers everything from refloating stranded vessels to wreck removal?
salvage
81
It is, of course, impossible to place all wrecks into a neat category. Nearly all will fall within one of how many principal types of salvage?
4
82
Which type of salvage provides emergency salvage services to vessels and aircraft in distress at sea?
rescue
83
Which type of salvage consists of salvaging ships, removing wreckage, and general salvage work in harbors?
harbor
84
What is the chief cause of damage to ships in a harbor?
collision
85
Which type of salvage is concerned with refloating vessels stranded or sunk in exposed locations along a coast?
offshore
86
Which type of salvage consists of services rendered to an amphibious assault force and is not limited to salvage alone?
combat
87
Which type of salvage is the most prevalent type of salvage requiring Navy assistance?
offshore
88
Who makes an estimate of the situation immediately upon arriving at the scene of a stranding?
salvor
89
One of the greatest aids in the retraction of stranded vessels is the use of which effect from powerful tugs?
scouring current
90
What is a towline harness designed to permit a towing vessel to maintain fine control over heading and position?
liverpool bridle
91
What provides the most effective force that can be used for refloating stranded vessels?
beach gear

mooring and anchoring (1 decks)

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