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mooring and anchoring > mooring and anchoring > Flashcards

mooring and anchoring Flashcards

1
Q

Which general term is used to refer to the anchor, anchor chain, anchor windlass, and auxiliary equipment? (Page C6-1)

A

Ground tackle

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2
Q

What is all equipment called which is used in anchoring and mooring with anchors and buoy mooring with chain and appendages? (Page 4-1)

A

Ground tackle

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3
Q

Which term as used in seamanship describes a device or rigging arrangement that is used to temporarily hold a part of running rigging or ground tackle that may come under tension? (Page 4-30)

A

stopper

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4
Q

Oceangoing tugs should not be asked to maneuver unassisted in which type of waters? (Page 6-1)

A

restricted

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5
Q

What will sudden speed increases cause dramatic increases in and potentially place the tow and crew in danger? (Page 6-1)

A

towline tension

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6
Q

An increase in what should accompany speed increases? (Page 6-1)

A

towline scope

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7
Q

Who needs be particularly aware of tides, currents, and wind when getting underway from a pier with a tow? (Page 6-1)

A

conning officer

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8
Q

Which type of lines are used to send messenger lines to the tow which is then attached to the primary pendant? (Page 6-3)

A

heaving

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9
Q

Study Guide

What can produce high loads on the riding lines very quickly? (Page 6-3)

A

surging

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10
Q

Using how many riding lines is a good method for lateral control, especially when towing a small vessel at very short scope in shallow restricted waters prior to final streaming of the tow? (Page 6-3)

A

2

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11
Q

Backup wires must be laced forward of the towing pads if using what to connect the bridle to the tow? (Page 6-6)

A

towing pad

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12
Q

What is often the simplest, strongest, and most efficient connection method for connecting the pendant into the tow’s anchor chain with the correct connecting link? (Page 6-7)

A

shackle

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13
Q

Which type of bitts are a possible choice for securing a tow hawser?

A

mooring

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14
Q

U.S. Navy bitts are designed to withstand the breaking strength of the mooring line for which they are designed, with a factor of safety of what on ultimate strength? (Page 6-8)

A

3

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15
Q

An improved connection where slack can be minimized can be made using wire that is the same size as the what? (Page 6-9)

A

towing pendant

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16
Q

If two turns are taken around the first set of bitts, only about what percent of the total load is passed on to the second bitts? (Page 6-9)

A

6-12

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17
Q

What must be established between the involved vessels as the first step in approaching a tow to be picked up at sea? (Page 6-10)

A

differential drift

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18
Q

What is used to pass a towline to the tow? (Page 6-10)

A

messenger

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19
Q

How many or more feet can an experienced seaman under favorable circumstances throw a heaving line? (Page 6-10)

A

100

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20
Q

Line-throwing guns can carry the bitter end of the messenger, an experienced seaman can safely and accurately fire the gun a distance of over how many feet? (Page 6-12)

A

300

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21
Q

What is the primary means of communication between ships in a towing situation? (Page 6-12)

A

radio

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22
Q

Which publication contains the most commonly accepted methods for communicating between ships at sea? (Page 6-12)

A

nwp-14-1

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23
Q

Which term describes a condition where the opposing moment of the towline is the same as or greater than the turning moment created by rudder and other hydrodynamic forces? (Page 6-14)

A

in irons

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24
Q

What is the ideal position of the tow point to allow the tug maximum freedom of rotation in steering? (Page 6-14)

A

natural pivot point

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25
Q

The tug’s natural pivot point is dependent on hull and rudder design; it is usually located on the center line at about what amount of the tug’s length from the bow? (Page 6-14)

A

1/3

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26
Q

What will most tows do, usually in response to wave action on the tow’s bow or stern? (Page 6-16)

A

YAW

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27
Q

Tows with which type of bows tend to sheer more than those with “fine”
bows? (Page 6-16)

A

Bulbous

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28
Q

What by the stern makes the towed vessel less susceptible to yawing?(Page 6-16)

A

Trimming

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29
Q

What can be used to reduce or eliminate yawing and sheering if the tow is tracking poorly but is steerable? (Page 6-16)

A

Rudder

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30
Q

What will create a larger drag than a free-wheeling propeller, thereby resulting in reduced towing speed? (Page 6-16)

A

Locked propeller

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31
Q

What do submarines and ships with bulbous bows or forward sonar domes tow better on than on a bridle? (Page 6-17)

A

single pendant

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32
Q

What is not recommended with a tow except in an emergency? (Page 6-17)

A

Backing down

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33
Q

Barges generally should not be towed faster than about how many knots under mild sea conditions? (Page 6-18)

A

8

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34
Q

Small service craft and some dry docks should be limited to about how many knots under mild sea conditions? (Page 6-18)

A

6

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35
Q

What is the practice of changing the scope of the towline so no single point is continuously in contact with the caprail? (Page 6-18)

A

“nip the tow”

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36
Q

What are simple light line procedures used for transferring? (Page 6-21)

A

small freight

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37
Q

Each vessel provides its own emergency towing hawser to form half of the total towing system when two Navy ships are involved in which type of operation? (Page 6-24)

A

Tow and be towed

38
Q

What has details on ship towing gear and contains diagrams illustrating how to rig for being towed or for towing another ship for surface ships and some submarines? (Page 6-24)

A

SIB

39
Q

Carriers are equipped with a 2 - 1/2 inch diameter 6 * 37 galvanized wire rope, and a how many-foot towing hawser? (Page 6-24)

A

900

40
Q

What may be the best way to save the tow when towing a casualty or a vessel that is likely to sink? (Page 6-29)

A

beaching

41
Q

What is the main resource for recovering and storing a towline? (Page 6-31)

A

Tow machine

42
Q

Only stoppers with which capability should be used when stopping the tow line for breaking? (Page 6-31)

A

quick release

43
Q

The weight of a 21/4 -inch IWRC wire is almost how many pounds per foot?

A

10

44
Q

How many or more feet is a typical towline scope? (Page 6-32)

A

1,500

45
Q

Which equipment is used for anchoring and mooring with anchors?

A

ground tackle

46
Q

What is a permanent record of your ground tackle and its use?

A

Anchor log

47
Q

Who are responsible for the ship’s ground tackle and towing gear?

A

BMS

48
Q

How many designs of stockless anchors are in use on naval ships?

A

3

49
Q

What is the equipment used in anchoring and in mooring with anchors?

A

ground tackle

50
Q

How many types of Lightweight-type (LWT) anchors are used on Navy ships?

A

2

51
Q

Lightweight-type (LWT) anchors are used as bow and stem anchors. Sizes below how many pounds are used as boat anchors?

A

150

52
Q

Which type of anchor is used on surface ships where the ship’s conventional anchors interfere with the ship’s sonar dome?

A

Two-fluke balanced-fluke

53
Q

Which type of anchors are used by some older submarines and for special purposes, such as moorings for buoys and torpedo-testing barges?

A

mushroom

54
Q

Each anchor of over how many pounds ordered by the Naval Sea Systems Command is assigned a serial number, which is cast or cut into the anchor before it is delivered?

A

100

55
Q

Modern Navy anchor chain is made of which type of chain with studs?

A

Die lock

56
Q

Anchor chains furnished in time of war have been of all types: wrought iron; BBB close link steel; die-lock chain, forged and welded; stud-link; and cast steel. Which type of chain is standard in the Navy today?

A

Die lock

57
Q

The lengths of chain that are connected together to make up the ship’s anchor chain are called what?

A

shots

58
Q

A standard shot is how many fathoms (90 feet) long?

A

15

59
Q

Shots of anchor chain at one time were joined by an ordinary U-shaped shackle called a connecting shackle. The connecting shackle was replaced by the Kenter shackle, which in turn was replaced by what?

A

detachable link

60
Q

Which type of shackles are used to attach the anchor to the chain?

A

Bending

61
Q

What minimize kinking or twisting of the anchor chain?

A

chain swivels

62
Q

What make it possible to stop off the anchor and break the chain between the windlass and the anchor?

A

Bending shots

63
Q

What are used to hold the anchor taut in the hawsepipes, to ride at anchor, or to hold the anchors when the anchor chain is disconnected for any reason?

A

Chain stoppers

64
Q

Special housing chain stoppers, such as what or the paw1 type of stoppers, normally are used with horizontal windlasses and where space limitations do not permit use of Navy standard stoppers?

A

Devils claw

65
Q

Towing chain stoppers are similar to riding and housing chain stoppers, except towing chain stoppers have what added to them?

A

Locking plates

66
Q

All mooring shackles, regardless of size, have a standard mortise (opening) of how many inches?

A

7

67
Q

What is used to pick the chain up to pass a chain stopper?

A

Cable jack

68
Q

What is used in clearing a hawse fouled by the anchor chain?

A

Clear Hawse Pendant

69
Q

Which colors are used to paint the detachable links of anchor chain to indicate fathoms?

A

Red, white, or blue

70
Q

Which color is the last detachable link of an anchor chain?

A

red

71
Q

The bitter end of the anchor chain is secured to a padeye in the chain locker by a safety anchor shackle. The padeye, welded to a specially reinforced bulkhead, is rated at 1.75 times the breaking strength of the shackle. The strength of the shackle must approximate the weight of how many shots of anchor chain hanging from the hawsepipe?

A

20

72
Q

At least once each how many months must all anchor chain (including shackles, shackle pins, and detachable links), regardless of size, be examined, overhauled, and placed in a good state of preservation?

A

18

73
Q

Who is responsible for the evolution on the forecastle while the ship is anchoring and weighing anchor?

A

1stLT

74
Q

Under normal conditions, a ship usually anchors to a scope of chain between how many times the depth of the water or anchoring normagraph?

A

5 and 7

75
Q

Which method of mooring to a buoy is a simple and rapid means of easing the bitter end of the chain (controlled by an easing-out line) down to the mooring buoy by letting it slide on the wire shackled to the buoy?

A

trolley

76
Q

In general, when hauling more than how many fathoms of chain, do not exceed about half speed on the anchor windlass?

A

60

77
Q

A shackle and a padeye are provided in the chain locker to secure the bitter end of the chain and prevent it from inadvertently paying out. The strength of the padeye must be how manytimes the strength of the shackle?

A

1.75

78
Q

What provides the latest guidance concerning authorized synthetic towing hawsers and end fittings?

A

NAVSEA

79
Q

Which target-tow sled is the prevalent target used by the U.S. Navy?

A

williams

80
Q

Which term covers everything from refloating stranded vessels to wreck removal?

A

salvage

81
Q

It is, of course, impossible to place all wrecks into a neat category. Nearly all will fall within one of how many principal types of salvage?

A

4

82
Q

Which type of salvage provides emergency salvage services to vessels and aircraft in distress at sea?

A

rescue

83
Q

Which type of salvage consists of salvaging ships, removing wreckage, and general salvage work in harbors?

A

harbor

84
Q

What is the chief cause of damage to ships in a harbor?

A

collision

85
Q

Which type of salvage is concerned with refloating vessels stranded or sunk in exposed locations along a coast?

A

offshore

86
Q

Which type of salvage consists of services rendered to an amphibious assault force and is not limited to salvage alone?

A

combat

87
Q

Which type of salvage is the most prevalent type of salvage requiring Navy assistance?

A

offshore

88
Q

Who makes an estimate of the situation immediately upon arriving at the scene of a stranding?

A

salvor

89
Q

One of the greatest aids in the retraction of stranded vessels is the use of which effect from powerful tugs?

A

scouring current

90
Q

What is a towline harness designed to permit a towing vessel to maintain fine control over heading and position?

A

liverpool bridle

91
Q

What provides the most effective force that can be used for refloating stranded vessels?

A

beach gear

mooring and anchoring (1 decks)

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