Mood Disorders (Vignettes) Flashcards
Midterm 1
Panic Disorder
See also, panic attack and symptoms
Characterized by 2 or more unexpected panic attacks, with at least one of the attacks being followed by one month of persistent concern about having another attack, worry about the implication of the attack, or maladaptive change in behavior related to the attack (ie. avoidance of unfamiliar situations in order to avoid a panic attack)
Panic Attack
A discrete period of intense fear, apprehension of terror that develops abruptly and that usually peaks within 10 minutes
Panic Attack (symptoms)
Involves at least 4 symptoms:
1) Palpitations
2) Accelerated heart rate
3) Sweating
4) Chest pain
5) Nausea
6) Dizziness
7) Sense of doom, urge to escape
Major Depressive Disorder
See also, major depressive episode
A major depressive episode presents during the same 2 week period and represents a change from previous functioning. At least one of the symptoms is either 1) Depressed mood or 2) Lost of interest or pleasure
Major Depressive Episode
At least 5 of the following:
1) Depressed mood/suicidal ideation
2) Diminished interest/pleasure in activities
3) Feelings of worthlessness/guilt
4) Psychomotor agitation/retardation
5) Loss of appetite, weight loss/gain (5% of body weight in 1 month)
6) Fatigue/loss of energy
7) Insomnia/hypersomnia
8) Reduced concentration
9) Recurrent thoughts of death or a specific without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for attempting suicide
Persistent Depressive Disorder
- Involves a chronically depressed mood that is present most of the time for at least 2 years (1 yr in children and adolescents)
- Symptoms include 2 or more:
1) Poor appetite or overeating
2) Insomnia or hypersomnia
3) Low energy or fatigue
4) Low self-esteem
5) Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions
6) Feelings of hopelessness
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (card 1)
- Involves excessive anxiety and worry about multiple events or activities. The worry occurs more days than not for at least 6 months
- The individual finds it difficult to control the worry.
- Note: Symptoms disproportionate to the feared events or their potential impact
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (card 2)
Anxiety and worry are associated with at least 3 of the following symptoms (only 1 in children)
1) Restlessness, keyed up, or on edge
2) Being easily fatigued
3) Difficulty concentrating, mind going blank
4) Irritability
5) Muscle tension
6) Sleep disturbance, difficulty falling or staying asleep
Agoraphobia
- Characterized by anxiety about being in situations or places from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing or in which help might not be available if a panic attack or other symptoms occur
- Fear or anxiety about 2 or more situations:
1) Using public transportation
2) Being in open spaces
3) being in enclosed spaces
4) Standing in line or being in a crowd
5) Being outside of the home alone
Specific Phobia
- Characterized by a marked or persistent fear of a specific object or situation other than those associated with Agoraphobia or social phobia (ie. flying, bridges, elevators)
- The phobic situation almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety. In children, the fear or anxiety may be expressed by crying, tantrums, freezing or clinging
- The phobic situation is actively avoided or endured with intense fear and anxiety
- The fear is out of proportion to the actual danger posed by the object or situation
Bipolar II Disorder
- Involves at least one major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode
- A person with this disorder has never had a manic episode
Bipolar I Disorder
Involves one or more manic episodes with or without a history of one or more major depressive episode
Hypomanic Episode
-During the period of mood disturbance an increased energy and activity, 3 or more of the following symptoms have persisted, represent a noticeable change from the usual behavior and have been present to a significant degree:
Hypomanic Episode (contin.)
1) Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
2) Decreased need for sleep (3 hours per night)
3) More talkative than usual, pressure to keep talking
4) Flight of ideas/racing thoughts
5) Distractability
6) Increase in goal directed behavior
7) Excessive activities with high potential for risk
- The episode does NOT cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning, and no hospitalization is required.
Manic Episode
The mood disturbance is significantly severe to cause hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others and causes severe impairment in social or occupational functioning. At least 3 of the following symptoms:
