Mood Disorders Flashcards
Mood disorders have to cause what
- social impairment
2. occupational impairment
Define dysthymia
Effect on work
Persistent low grade depression for 2 years
They are functioning but can’t be at full potential
What is double depression
Dysthymia plus another major depressive disorder
Bipolar Type I vs Type II:
- Hospital
- Hypomanic symptom
- Type I more likely in hospital
2. Type II more likely to be hypomanic
What endocrine disorder mimics depression
Hypothyroidism
Symptoms of Depression
SIGECAPS
Sex difference in depression
Females more
Change in depression demographics
Earlier onset
Increased rate
Average age of depression onset
29
3 parts of depression treatment
- Psychotherapy
- Drug therapy
- Other therapy (ECT)
3 goals of treatment
- Treat symptoms
- Restore function
- Prevent recurrence
Are newer anti-depressants more effective?
No
What is the difference in newer generations of anti-depressants?
Less side effects
MAO-I’s first used when
1950s
When were TCA’s most often used
1960’s through 1980’s
4 ways antidepressants work
- Block reuptake of serotonin
- Block reuptake of norepinephrine
- Block reuptake of dopamine
- Inactivate monoamine oxidase
Dopamine problems are related to what depression symptoms
Lack of pleasure and motivation
Norepinephrine problems are related to what depression symptoms
Lack of energy and alertness
Serotonin problems are related to what depression symptoms
Obsessions and compulsions
MAO-IA food interaction
Tyramine
Anti-depressants have a BBW of waht
Increased suicidality in 18-24 year olds
What is the onset of bipolar
14 to 24
70% of bipolar are mis diagnosed as what
Having major depression
Which state of bipolar is most common
Depressive state
% of bipolar that commit suicide
20%
What % of bipolar are not diagnosed
half
Define mania
Elevated, irritable mood lasting longer than 1 week (or any duration if hospitalization is required)
What are the symptoms of hypomania and mania
DIGFAST
3 main drug sets used to treat bipolar
Lithium: Stabilize neurons
Anticonvulsants: Enhance GABA
Atypical antipsychotics: Inhibit excess dopamine
What is kindling hypothesis
the more episodes that occur early in the illness, the more frequent and severe later episodes are likely to be.
ECT and pregnancy
Safe
ECT works for depression or mania
Both
