mood disorders

Question 1

Euthymia

Answer 1

Regular/normal mood

Question 2

Dysthymia

Answer 2

Depressive symptoms for more than 2 years

Question 3

Mania

Answer 3

Elevated mood

Question 4

Hypomania

Answer 4

Elevated mood, but not to the extent of mania

Question 5

Subsyndromal depression

Answer 5

Symptoms of depression, but does not meet criteria for diagnosis of depression

Question 6

MDE (major depressive episode): Criteria

Answer 6

• Must meet 5/9 of the symptoms within a 2-week period
• 1 of the symptoms must be symptoms 1 or 2
  1. Depressive mood
  2. Anhedonia
  3. Weight loss
  4. Hypersomnia/insomnia
  5. Psychomotor agitation/slow
  6. Fatigue
  7. Feelings of worthestness/guilt
  8. Diminished ability to think/concentrate
  9. Thoughts of death/suicide attempts

Question 7

MDD (major depressive disorder): Criteria

Answer 7

• At least 1 MDE (single/recurrent)
• cannot have any history of mania/hypomania
• cannot be normal response to significant loss
• women 2x more likely than men
• onset = 20s/late teens

Question 8

Persistent Depressive Disorder (dysthymia): Criteria

Answer 8

• Must be consistent for 2 years
• Cannot be without symptoms for more than 2 months
• Along with symptoms of MDE, must experience additional 2 or more of:
  1. Hypersomnia/insomnia
  2. Fatigue
  3. Loss of appetite
  4. Low self esteem
  5. Feeling hopeless
  6. Poor concentration
• Cannot have history of mania/hypomania
• 2x more liken in women than men
• Onset = early aanthood

Question 9

psychomotor agitation

Answer 9

restlessness

Question 10

Mania: Criteria

Answer 10

• Elevated, irritable, and or expansive mood
• Individuals experiencing mania may not see it as a problem
• 7 days before diagnosis
• 3/7 symptoms (but if irritability is the main presentation 4/7)
  1. Decreased need for sleep
  2. More talkative than usual
  3. Inflated self esteem
  4. Flight of ideas
  5. Distractibility
  6. Increased goal directed activity/psychomotor agitation
  7. Risky behaviour

Question 11

Hypomania: Criteria

Answer 11

• Same symptoms as mania
• Does not require 7 days for diagnosis, can be 4 days
• What makes it different:
  1. Shorter in duration
  2. Not as intense
  3. Does not cause significant impairment
  4. No psychotic features

Question 12

Bipolar I Disorder: Criteria

Answer 12

• Only criteria = manic episode
• Bipolar I individuals have more hypomanic episodes than bipolar II individuals
• Age of onset = 18 (but can occur later)
• Equal in men and women
• 40% have MDE
• 90% of those who experience manic episodes will experience another

Question 13

Bipolar II Disorder: Criteria

Answer 13

• Hypomania + MDE
• Commonly begins with MDE
• No history of mania
• Onset = mid to late 20s
• Equal in men and women
• More total episodes than bipolar I disorder

Question 14

Cyclothymic Disorder: Criteria

Answer 14

• Bipolar version of dysthymia
• Numerous periods of hypomania and depressive symptoms for 2 years
• Cannot be without symptoms for more than 2 months
• Rapid cycling of States
• 15-50% receive bipolar diagnosis
• Equal in men and women
• Onset = adolescence/young adults

Question 15

Psychotic features

Answer 15

Specifier: Hallucinations/delusions

Question 16

Melancholic features

Answer 16

Specifier: Excessive antedonia/guilt

Question 17

Pre/postpartum

Answer 17

Specifier: Before/after birth

Question 18

Seasonal pattern

Answer 18

Specifier: Depression/mania associated with a particular season

Question 19

Rapid cycling

Answer 19

Specifier: 4 episodes in 12 month period l