Mood Disorders Flashcards
To be diagnosed with a Major Depressive Episode, how long must symtoms have been occuring?
At least 2 weeks
What are the two symtoms that must be present for a MDE (not incl. 5 others required)
Depressed Mood and Loss of interest
What would a Depressed Mood and Loss of Interest Look like?
Depressed Mood: Sad, empty, tearful, possibly irritable presentation in some)
Loss of Interest: in previously enjoyed activities
List the other symtpoms, of which 5 must be met, for a MDE
Changes to appetite
Changes to sleep
Restlessness (agitation) or Lethargy (retardation) nearly every day
frequent fatigue or loss of energy
Impaired concentration and/or memory, indecisiveness
Innapropraite feelings of guilt, doubt, self-worhtlessness
Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal thoughts, possibly with a plan, or suicidal attempt
Other than symtoms, what other criteria should be met for a MDE?
Causes significant distress and impact on functioning
Effects not attributable to physiological effects of a substance or other medical condition
A period of persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood, and persistently increased activity or energy. This lasts at least 1 week, occurring most of the day, almost every day.
What is this describing?
A manic episode
A period of persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood, and persistently increased energy or activity. This lasts for at least 4 consecutive days, present most of day, nearly every day.
What is this describing?
Hypomanic Episode
What are the key differences between a Manic and Hypomanic episode?
Duration (1 week vs 4 days)
Severity (less impact on functioning in certain areas i.e. no psychosis and no hospitalisation in hypomanic)
Different manias are used for different disorders.
For a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder, what criteria ,must be met?
At least 1 MDE, that is not better explained by schizophrenia or psychosis and related psychotic disorders
There has never been a manic or hypomanic episode
What makes persistent depressive disorder different?
Long lasting/ chronic (2+ years) with not more than 2 months symtom-free
May be fewer symtoms, but still depressed mood most of day for more days than not
However, persistent- considered more severe than MDD.
What is the general age of onset for mood disorders?
Can occur accross all age groups, but more rare before adolescence/ puberty
What criteria must be met for a diagnosis of Bipolar Type I?
At least 1 manic episode, not better explained by another disorder (Schiz/ psychotic) or attributable to another medical condition or a substance. Alternating manic episodes and major depressive episodes
What criteria must be met for a diagnosis of Bipolar Type II?
At least 1 manic episode and 1 Major depressive episode. There has never been a manic episode. Not better explained by another disorder, medica condition, or substance use.
Also no hospitalisation or presence of psychosis
Why is bipolar type II no longer considered less severe that Type I?
Burden of depression
Impact on functioning in occupation and social life cased by the instability of mood
What are the ‘building blocks’ of Mood Disorders?
Depressive, Manic, and Hypomanic Episodes
