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Year 4 - Psych > Mood Disorders > Flashcards

Mood Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of mood disorders

A

Types of mood disorders

  1. Depressive
    - Single or recurrent
  2. Bipolar
    - Mania, hypomania, mixed
  3. Persistent
    - Cyclothymia, dysthymia
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2
Q

Depression
- Symptoms (Core, somatic, cognitive)

A

Depression
- Symptoms

  1. Core
    - Continuous low mood (2 weeks)
    - Anergia
    - Anhedonia
  2. Somatic
    - Sleep changes
    - Appetite and weight change
    - Diurnal mood variation
    - Retardation/agitation
    - Libido loss
  3. Cognitive symptoms
    - Self esteem
    - Guilt/self blame
    - Hypochondrial
    - Suicidal
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3
Q

Depression
- Classification

A

Depression
- Classification

  • Mild
    2 core symptoms
    2 other symptoms
  • Moderate
    2 core symptoms
    3 other symptoms
  • Severe
    3 core symptoms
    4 other symptoms
  • Severe with psychotic symptoms
    1. Hallucinations (often auditory)
    2. Delusions
  • Hypochondrial/guilt/nihilistic/persecutory
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4
Q

Post-natal depression
- Prevalence
- Thoughts
- RFs

A

Post-natal depression

  • Prevalence
    10-15% within 1-2 months
  • Thoughts
    1. Worries about baby
    2. Inability to cope with baby
  • RFs
    1. PMH/FHx
    2. Older age
    3. Single mother
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5
Q

Hypomania
- Symptoms

A

Hypomania
- Symptoms

  1. Mildly elevated
    - Expansive/irritable
  2. Increased energy
    - Difficulty focussing
  3. Increased self-esteem
    - sociability/talkativeness
  4. Increased sex drive
  5. Increased need for sleep
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6
Q

Mania
- Symptoms

A

Mania
- Symptoms

  1. Mood elevation (1week)
    - Expansive/irritable
  2. Increased energy
    - Agitation
  3. Grandiosity
  4. Pressure of speech
    - FLight of ideas
  5. Lost inhibition
    - Increased libido
    - Reduced sleep
  6. Psychotic symptoms
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7
Q

Persistent mood disorders

A

Persistent mood disorders

  • Cyclothymia
    1. Mild periods
  • elation
  • depression
    2. Early onset/chronic
    3. FHx of BPD
  • Dysthymia
    1. Chronic low mood
    2. Not criteria of depression
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8
Q

Mixed affective state
- Definition

A

Mixed affective state
- Definition

  1. Mixture or rapid alternation
  2. Manic/depressed sx
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9
Q

Bipolar
- Classification

A

Bipolar
- Classification

Bipolar 1
- 1 or more manic or mixed
- 1 or more depressive

Bipolar 2
- 1 or more depressive
- 1 or more HYPOmanic

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10
Q

Bipolar
- Prevalence
- Median onset
- Suicide rate
- Genecity

A

Bipolar

  • Prevalence
    1%
  • Median onset
    25yo
  • Suicide rate
    20x base rate
  • Genecity
    70% monozygotic twins
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11
Q

Mood disorder
- Biological treatments

A

Mood disorder
- Biological treatments

  1. Pharmacological
    - Anti-Ds
    - Mood stabilisers
    - Combinations
  2. ECT
  3. rTMS
    - Repetitive
    - Transcranial-magnetic-stimulation
  4. tDCS
    - Transcranial-Direct-Cranial-Stimulation
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12
Q

Four
- Mood stabilisers

A

Four
- Mood stabilisers

  1. Lithium
  2. Valproate
  3. Carbamazepine
  4. Lamotrigine
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13
Q

ECT
- Indications
- Effectiveness rate

A

ECT
- Indications
1. Severe depression
2. High suicide risk

  • Effectiveness rate
    60-70%
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14
Q

Psychological treatments

A

Psychological treatments

  1. Mindfulness
  2. Psychoeducation
  3. CBT
  4. IPT
    - Interpersonal
  5. Psychodynamic
    - Freudian
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15
Q

Depression
- Prognosis/treatment

A

Depression
- Prognosis/treatment

  1. First episode
    - 80% will have further episode
    - 6-12mo continue ADs
  2. Multiple episodes
    - 10% severe unremitting
    - Continue ADs a long time
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16
Q

Bipolar
- Poor prognosis RFs

A

Bipolar
- Poor prognosis RFs

  1. Severe episodes
  2. Early onset
  3. Cognitive deficits
17
Q

Mania vs hypomania

A

Mania vs hypomania

  1. Disablement level
  2. Mania severely impacts life
  3. Psychosis or admission indicates mania
  4. Duration
    - Hypomania 4 days
    - Mania 7 days
18
Q

Bipolar
- AD use

A

Bipolar
- AD use

  1. Only used with stabiliser
    - Lithium is the most effective
  2. Unopposed can provoke high mood
19
Q

Bipolar medications
- Three types

A

Bipolar medications
- Three types

  1. Mood stabiliser
    - Prophylaxis
  2. Anti-depressant
  3. Anti-manic
    - Antipsychotics
    eg. Olanzapine (most sedating)
20
Q

Antipsychotics
- Three uses

A

Antipsychotics
- Three uses

  1. Antipsychotic
  2. Antimanic
  3. Mood-stabilising
21
Q

Sleep disturbance
- Important question

A

Sleep disturbance
- Important question

  1. How is your mood?
  2. Are you feeling suicidal?
22
Q

Congruent delusions
- Depression
- Mania

A

Congruent delusions

  • Depression
    1. Guilt
    2. Persecution
    3. Illness
  • Nihilism
  • Cotard (death)
  • Mania
    1. Grandeur
  • Status
  • Abilities
    2. Messianic
23
Q

Congruent hallucinations
- Depression
- Mania

A

Congruent hallucinations

  • Depression
    1. You’re worthless
  • Mania
    1. You should do this
    2. ‘Voice of God’
24
Q

Depression presentation
- History question

A

Depression presentation
- History question

  1. Past mania/hypomania?
25
Q

Depressive cognitions
- Part of MSE?
- Examples

A

Depressive cognitions

  • Are thoughts.
  • Cognitive distortions
    1. Bad/irrational assessments
  1. Attribute problems to themselves
    - including non-related qualities
    eg. I prescribed badly, I am a bad husband
  2. My errors are all unfixable
26
Q

Depression
- Personal question

A

Depression
- Personal question

  1. Have you had any change in your sex drive
27
Q

Alcoholism Vs alcohol misuse

A

Alcoholism Vs alcohol misuse

  1. Addiction
  2. Above recommend
    3.

Year 4 - Psych (11 decks)

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