MONOSACCHARIDE

Question 1

What are monosaccharide ?

Answer 1

Simplest sugar of 3 to 7 carbon atoms which cannot be hydrolyses further.

Question 2

What are different types of monosaccharide ?

Answer 2

All monosaccharide are either polyhydroxy (-OH) , aldehyde (CHO) or polyhydroxy ketone (C=O) based on the position of carbonyl group.(C=O)

Question 3

What are two types carbonyl group ?

Answer 3

1. At end of chain (aldehyde)

2. Other than end (ketones)

Question 4

Give example of aldoses and ketoses monosaccharide ?

Answer 4

Aldoses - glyceraldehyde , glucose

ketoses - Dihydroxyacetone , fructose

Question 5

Except what all monosaccharide are optically active and why ?

Answer 5

Except dihydroxyacetone all monosaccharide are optically active because they have 1 or more asymmetrical carbon.

Question 6

What the different types of monosaccharide ?

Answer 6

Trioses
Tetroses
Pentoses
Hexoses
Heptoses

Question 7

Which are the common monosaccharide ?

Answer 7

Pentoses

Hexoses

Question 8

Give example of aldoses and ketoses of 
Trioses
Tetroses
Pentoses
Hexoses
Heptoses

Answer 8

ALDOSES KETOSES
Trioses glyceraldehyde dihydroxyacetone
Tetroses erythrose erythrulose
Pentoses ribose ribulose
Hexoses glucose , fructose
galactose ,
mannose
Heptoses —- sedoheptulose
(intermediate between
respiratory and
photosynthetic
pathway)

Question 9

What is glucose ?

Answer 9

1. It is a universal sugar

2. Also known as blood sugar , corn sugar , grape sugar , dextrose

Question 10

What is fructose ?

Answer 10

1. It is the sweetest among naturally occurring sugar

2. Also called as Fruit sugar or laevulose

Question 11

Which substance contain both glucose and fructose ?

Answer 11

Honey contain both fructose and glucose that’s why it provides instant energy.