Monoclonal Antibodies

Question 1

Method for fusion of b cells and myeloma cells

Answer 1

PEG

Question 2

How is selection of properly fused hybridomas, why does it work

Answer 2

With HAT medium, thanks to the use of HGPRT- Myeloma cells, only fused chimeric cells survive in medium, later screening can be carried out for monoclonal antibody production

Question 3

ways to scale up Mo antibody production

Answer 3

Ascitis (giving mouse hybridoma cancer and cultivating ascitis fluid), Large scale culture systems either in culture bottles or with the use of bioreactors

Question 4

Applications of monoclonal antibodies

Answer 4

Diagnostic through use of biomarkers, or therapeutic like in antitumoral treatments, immunosuppressive treatments, infections

Question 5

Methods for anti tumoral treatments

Answer 5

multistep targeting and immuno conjugation

Question 6

What are the antigenic targets called in diagnostic applications

Answer 6

Biomarkers

Question 7

biotinylated radioactive ligand what for and brief explanation

Answer 7

streptavidin tagged antibodies bound to radioactive tagged biotin(basically use biotin as transporter for radioactive medication)

Question 8

Method to modify and improve antibody effect in MoAb therapeutics (immuno what)

Answer 8

Immunoconjugation; Immunotoxins, Immuno enzymes combined with prodrugs, radioactively tagged conjugates, cytokine conjugates, naked antibody’s for ADCC activation for target cell, bispecific antibodies

Question 9

Why are murine MoAbs problematic when it comes to using them for treatments

Answer 9

They are immunogenic in humans

Question 10

Solution to Immunogenicity of murine antibodies

Answer 10

Creating of chimeric Mab’s, humanizing the antibodies or creation of recombinant completely human antibodies

Question 11

Name levels of antibody modification to make them less immunogenic

Answer 11

MoMab, XiMab, ZuMab, MuMab

Question 12

What type of Mab is Rituximab, wheres the variable region from, whats the target

Answer 12

Ximab, varibale region is anti-cd20 a biomarker on tumor cells, comes variable region comes from a mouse

Question 13

Abatacept, what antibody does it use, what is it

Answer 13

IgG, Its an immunomodulator that works by blocking coestimulation between APC’s and T cells a fusion antibody with CTLA4 receptor, mimicking Receptor on T cell necessary for CD28 necessary for activation