Mono hybrid inheritance Flashcards
Define Inheritance
the passing on of genetic information from one generation to the next.
Define trait
a distingushing quality or characteristic
Define Gene
genetic information which is transferred from a parent to offspring in the chromosomes
Define allele
Is one of the possible form of a gene
define heterozygous
When an organism has two different alleles for a certain characteristic
Define homozygous
When an organism has two identical alleles
Define dominant
Traits that are always expressed (visible in the organism )
Define reccesive
Traits that are only seen when they are the only ones present ( the trait is marked )
Define phenotype
the set of observable characteristics of an individual
Define Genotype
the genetic make up of an organism
Define punnet square
A diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross
Define Monhybrid
The offspring of individuals that differ with respect to a particular gene
Define Co Dominance
The dominant gene does not completely suppress the reccessive gene, allowing both genes to be diaplayed at the same time without any blending
Define incomplete dominance
When a cross between an organism with two different phenotypes produce offspring with a third phenotype that is a blending of the parent
Define sex linked disease
Are genetic disorders that through one of the sex chromosomes X or Y
Define Haemophilia
A genetic disorder where blood clotting is impaired, leading to prolonged bleeding. The gene for hemophilia is located on the X chromosome, so it primarily affects males who inherit the affected X chromosome from their carrier mothers.
Complete dominance
When the dominant allele completely covers up the recessive allele
who are more likely to carry sex linked diseases
Since males have only one X chromosome (XY), they are more likely to manifest sex-linked disorders if they inherit the affected allele.
Describe red color blindness
red-green color blindness, are caused by mutations in genes located on the X chromosome. This condition is more prevalent in males.
Describe fragile X Syndrome
The most common inherited cause of intellectual disability, caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. It affects both males and females, but males typically have more severe symptoms.
Cleft palate
The roof of the mouth (palate) is formed between the sixth and ninth weeks of pregnancy. A cleft palate happens if the tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not join together completely during pregnancy.
