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Anesthesiology > Monitoring the Anesthetized Patient > Flashcards

Monitoring the Anesthetized Patient Flashcards

1
Q

What is anesthesia?

A

The art of lovingly, carefully, and reversibly poisoning your patient into a controlled coma

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2
Q

What does monitor mean?

A

“to warn”

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3
Q

Anesthetic depth too light - what are you signs?

A
  1. Arousal
  2. Awareness
  3. Movement
  4. Pain
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4
Q

Anesthetic depth too deep - what are the consequences?

A

Dependent on dose, can cause cardiovascular and respiratory depression

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5
Q

Which 3 systems do we monitor?

A
  1. Oxygenation
  2. Circulation
  3. Ventilation
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6
Q

When would the eye be centered in an anesthetized patient?

A
  1. Light anesthetic plane
  2. Deep anesthetic plane
  3. With the use of dissociative anesthetics (ketamine)
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7
Q

If the eye is centered, what can you do to check the depth of anesthesia?

A

Palpebral reflex

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8
Q

What two eye features tell you a HORSE is in a light plane of anesthesia?

A
  1. Nystagmus

2. Tearing

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9
Q

In which species will the globe NOT rotate, regardless of the plane of anesthesia?

A

Sheep, goats, and camelids

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10
Q

Which species has a palpebral reflex at the surgical plane of anesthesia?

A

Horses

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11
Q

Which reflex is always present and should never be used in a patient believed to be alive?

A

Corneal

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12
Q

What is the least reliable modality for checking anesthetic depth?

A

Jaw tone - subjective

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13
Q

The use of which anesthetics makes jaw tone an even less reliable modality for checking anesthetic depth?

A

Dissociative anesthetics (ketamine)

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14
Q

What color is associated with Isoflurane?

A

Purple

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15
Q

What color is associated with Sevoflurane?

A

Yellow

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16
Q

What color is associated with Halothane?

A

Red

17
Q

What is the Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC)?

A

The concentration of inhalant in the lungs needed to prevent movement in 50% of animals in response to noxious or surgical stimuli.

18
Q

____ is used to compare the strengths, or potency, of inhalant anesthetics.

A

MAC

19
Q

MAC for isoflurane in a DOG?

A

1.28%

20
Q

MAC for isoflurane in a CAT?

A

1.63%

21
Q

MAC for isoflurane in a HORSE?

A

1.3%

22
Q

MAC for sevoflurane in a DOG?

A

2.3%

23
Q

MAC for sevoflurane in a CAT?

A

2.6%

24
Q

MAC reflects a ____ not an ____.

A

MAC reflects a POPULATION not an INDIVIDUAL.

25
Q

The concentration of inhalant gas expired at the end of expiration is known as the what?

A

End-tidal inhalant concentration (Et-inhalant)

26
Q

The Et-inhalant (iso) gas concentration reflects the ____ concentration.

A

The Et-inhalant (iso) gas concentration reflects the BRAIN concentration.

27
Q

What is the normal EtCO2 in an awake patient?

A

40 mmHg

28
Q

What is the EtCO2 in an anesthetized patient?

A

55 - 57 mmHg

29
Q

What is the equation for DO2?

A

CO x CaO2

30
Q

What is the equation for CO?

A

HR x SV

31
Q

What is the equation for CaO2?

A

HbO2 (oxygen bound to hemoglobin) + PaO2 (arterial oxygen partial pressure)

32
Q

What does “DO2” stand for?

A

Delivery of oxygen to the tissues

33
Q

With ECG, there is an audible beep with each ___ wave.

A

R wave

34
Q

Describe the esophageal ECG: Where is the RA lead place? Where is the LA lead placed? Where is the LL lead placed?

A

RA - placed on esophageal probe

LA - on ear or neck

LL - placed on esophageal probe

35
Q

Is the use of a doppler an indirect or direct measurement of blood pressure?

A

Indirect

36
Q

Which of the following does a doppler measure: SAP, DAP, or both?

A

SAP only (systolic arterial pressure)

37
Q

Which of the following does a direct form of blood pressure measure: SAP, DAP, MAP?

A

SAP, DAP, & MAP

Anesthesiology (6 decks)

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