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Small Animal Nursing > Monitoring/definitions > Flashcards

Monitoring/definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Adult dogs PCV should be

A

37-55%

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2
Q

Adult cat PCV

A

30-45%

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3
Q

Hyperkalemia=

A

High potassium levels

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4
Q

Hyperkalemia can indicate

A

Urethral obstruction, acute renal failure, Addisons

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5
Q

Hypocalcemia =

A

Low calcium

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6
Q

Hypocalcemia can indicate

A

Eclampsia or Addisons

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7
Q

Increased PCV and (TPP) can indicate

A

Dehydration

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8
Q

Decreased PCV and normal to decrease (TPP) can indicate

A

Anemia

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9
Q

Hypernatrermia can indicate

A

Non-ketotic diabetic crisis

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10
Q

Hypernatrermia=

A

High concentration of sodium in the blood

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11
Q

Hypoglycemia =

A

Low blood sugar

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12
Q

Azotemia=

A

Elevated levels of Urea and other nitrogen compounds in the blood

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13
Q

Azotemia can indicate

A

Kidney failure or dehydration

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14
Q

Urine volume/ specific gravity indicates

A

Perfusion and health of the kidneys

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15
Q

Dog and cat urine volumes should be

A

20-40 ml/kg/day

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16
Q

__ kg of weight change roughly = __ L in fluid volume

A

1, 1

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17
Q

Helps to determine concentration of plasma proteins

A

Colloid osmotic pressure

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18
Q

Lactate concentrations can be indicators of

A

Inadequate tissue perfusion

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19
Q

SpO2 =

A

Pulse oximeter

20
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram

21
Q

EtCO2 =

A

End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide

22
Q

CVP=

A

Central Venous Pressure

23
Q

Measures % of oxygen in hemoglobin and is a good indication of oxygen Tissue level

A

SPO2

24
Q

Pressure against arteries generated by ventricular contraction

A

Systolic BP

25
Q

Minimum pressure maintained between contractions

A

Diastolic BP

26
Q

Patient is hypotensive is the systolic BP is ___ or MAP is ___

A

<80 mm Hg , <60mm Hg

27
Q

Measures end exhaled CO2

A

ETCO2

28
Q

Normal ETCO2 is between __-__ mm Hg

A

35-45

29
Q

Blood Pressure at the vena cava and is a good indication of vascular volume

A

CVP

30
Q

What device is an indication of heart rate and rhythm

A

ECG

31
Q

What device is a good indicator of ETCO2 and ventilation

A

Capnogram

32
Q

What device is a good indicator of blood volume

A

Central venous pressure catheter

33
Q

List parameters for in hospital monitoring of patients on fluid therapy

A

Urine production, increased RR and effort, restlessness, discharge, V or D, pulmonary edema, or effusion

34
Q

Why is enteral nutrition the best

A

Safer, less expensive, helps maintain intestinal structure and function.

35
Q

What are indicators of malnutrition

A

Weight lose of 10%+, poor hair coat, muscle wasting, poor wound healing,

36
Q

When a patient is on 100% oxygen, how long before the lung tissue becomes damaged even before clinical signs are evident?

A

6 hours; 24-72 hours for clinical signs

37
Q

What are some nursing considerations for patients on a ventilator long term?

A

Monitor anesthesia/sedation, vitals
Maintain bedding
nutrition
catheter, asepsis, and eye care
Perform range of motion, reposition frequently
Mouth care

38
Q

List the physiologic effect of severe acute pain

A

Decrease healing, decrease perfusion, decrease O2 (CV + RR issues)
DIC
Recumbency

39
Q

Are NSAIDS used for mild, moderate, or severe pain?

A

Mild to moderate

40
Q

Are Alpha2 Agonists used for mild, moderate, or severe pain?

A

Mild to moderate

41
Q

Are Opioids used for mild, moderate, or severe pain?

A

Pure mu (severe); mixed agonists are moderate

42
Q

Biosecurity tier 1 =

A

High risk patient

43
Q

Biosecurity tier 2 =

A

P shows no evidence of a contagious Disease

44
Q

Biosecurity tier 3 =

A

P has or is exposed to mild to moderate contagious disease

45
Q

Biosecurity tier 4=

A

P has or is exposed to highly contagious disease

46
Q

What are 5 common ways of disease transmission

A

Direct contact, secretions, airborne, fomites, and vectors

Small Animal Nursing (10 decks)

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