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SysOps Admin > Monitoring > Flashcards

Monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

gp2

A 
General Purpose SSD 
Boot Volumes
- minimum of 100 IOPS 
- 3 IOPS/GB -> max of 16,000 IOPS
Virtual Desktops
Low-latency interactive apps
Dev and Test environments
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2
Q

io1

A 
Provisioned IOPS
Boot Volumes
More than 10,000 IOPS or 160 MiB/s of throughput per volume
50 IOPS/GB -> max of 64,000 IOPS.
Large database workloads:
MongoDB, Cassandra, Microsoft SQL Server
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3
Q

Which EBS Volumes can be used as Boot volumes?

A

gp2 and io1 (SSD volumes)

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4
Q

EBS Volume (?)

Streaming workloads requiring consistent, fast throughput at a low price.

  • Big Data
  • Data Warehouse
  • Log processes
A

st1

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5
Q

Throughput-oriented storage for large volumes of data that is infrequently accessed.

Scenarios where the lowest storage cost is important

A

sc1

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6
Q

VolumeReadOPS
VolumeWriteOPS

What do they calculate?
How do you calculate it?

A

Used to calculate IOPS performance.

Total number of IO Ops in a specified period of time.
1000 in 1 minute => 1000/60 = 16,66 IOPS

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7
Q

Number of read and write ops waiting to be completed in a specified period of time. (EBS)

A

Volume Queue Length

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8
Q

Warning Volume Status

A

Degraded

Severly Degraded

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9
Q

Impaired Volume Status

A

Stalled

Not Available

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10
Q

4 Different Ways to Monitor ELBs

A

CloudWatch metrics
Access Logs
Request Tracing
CloudTrail logs

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11
Q

Monitor ELB - Access Logs

A

IT SHOWS WHO IS ACCESSING YOUR LOAD BALANCER.
Captures detailed info about REQUESTS sent to your LB.
You can use it to analyze traffic patterns and troubleshoot issues.
Info like:
- The time the request was received
- Client’s IP address
- Latencies
- Request Paths
- Server Responses
Desabled by default - intervals of 5 or 60 minutes.
Logs are stored in S3, so you can recover logs even after ec2 was terminated.

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12
Q

Track HTTP requests from client to targets or other services.
When the LB receives a request from a client, it adds or updates the X-Amzn-Trace-Id header before sending the request to the target.
APPLICATION LOAD BALANCER only.

A

Monitor ELB - Request Tracing

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13
Q

Capture detailed info about the calls made to the ELB API and store them as log files in S3.
Used to determine which:
- calls were made
- the source IP address where the call came from
- who made the call
- when the call was made, etc.

A

Monitor ELB - CloudTrail logs

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14
Q

CloudWatch Dashboards are multi-region, but to create a widget you need to be in the correct region for the service. True or False?

A

True

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15
Q

How to get automatic notification if your account goes over $1,000?

A

Go into CloudWatch and create a Billing Alarm, billing alarm uses a SNS Topic, which it will email you letting you know.

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16
Q

Allows you to manage multiple AWS accounts at once.

  • centrally manage policies across multiple AWS accounts
  • control access to your AWS services
  • automate AWS account creation and management
  • consolidate your billing across multiple accounts
A

AWS Organizations

17
Q

SCPs

A

service control policies
- allow or deny accounts to use individual AWS services
Example:
- you might deny the use of Kinesis or DynamoDB to your HR group within your AWS Organization

18
Q

Resource Groups

A

Lets you manage and automate tasks on large numbers of resources at one time.
Examples:
- Applying updates or security patches.
- Upgrading applications.
- Opening or closing ports to network traffic
- Collecting specific log and monitoring data from your fleet of instances.

Use Resource Groups with AWS Systems manager for automation.

19
Q

AWS Systems Manager

A

Allows you to centralize operational data from multiple AWS services and automate tasks across your AWS resources.

20
Q

Tool that enables you to view and analyze your costs and usage.

- You can view data for up to the last 13 months
- Forecast how much you're likely to spend in the next 3 months
- Get recommendations for Reserved Instances to purchase.
A

Cost Explorer

21
Q

How to use Cost Explorer? 3 Steps

A
  1. Use tags to tag resources
  2. Configure tags for cost centers (dpt, employee id, etc)
  3. Activate cost allocation tags to track your costs by tags (Billing & Cost Management)
22
Q

4 Different Ways to Monitor ElastiCache

A

ElastiCache

  • CPU Utilization
  • Swap Usage
  • Eviction
  • Concurrent Connections
23
Q

Memcached CPU Utilization

A

Multi-threade

  • Can handle loads of up to 90%
  • Add more nodes to the cluster
24
Q

Redis CPU Utilization

A

Not Multi-threaded
Scale = 90 / num of cores
Example: cache.m1.xlarge node = 4 cores
90/4 = 22.5% -> when to scale

25
Q

Should be around 0 and should not exceed 50Mb.

  • If exceeds:
  • memcached_connections_overhead parameter.

What does memcached_connections_overhead parameter defines?

A

memcached_connections_overhead → defines the amount of memory to be reserved for memecached connections and other miscellaneous overhead.

SWAP USAGE

26
Q

Does Redis have SwapUsage metric?

A

No SwapUsage metrics, instead use reserved-memory

27
Q

What is Eviction? (Monitoring ElastiCache)

A

An eviction occurs when a new item is added and an older item must be removed due to a lack of free space in the system.

  • Memcached:
    • You just basically choose a threshold off your application.
    • Scale up → Increase the amount of memory of existing nodes.
    • Scale out → Adding more nodes.
  • Redis:
    • Scale out only.
28
Q

Monitoring ElastiCache - Concurrent Connections

A

Memcached & Redis:

  • If there’s a large and sustained spike in the number of concurrent connections, this can either mean:
    • a large traffic spike
    • your application is not releasing connections as it should be.
  • Set an alarm on the number of concurrent connections for elasticache. So if there’s anything wrong you can go in and configure your application.
29
Q

It’s a fully managed service that provides you with an AWS resource inventory, configuration history, and configuration change notifications to enable security and governance.

A

AWS Config

30
Q

Your audtiors need to know how was your EC2 Security groups 2 weeks ago, which service should they use?

A

AWS Config - STATE OF YOUR ENVIRONMENT -> Who did it, what were the changes

31
Q

You need to know who changed the rules on your EC2 Security Group 2 weeks ago, which service can you use?

A

AWS CloudTrail - API CALLS

32
Q

Which service can I use to monitor my AWS resources, as well as the applications that I run on AWS.

A

AWS CloudWatch - PERFORMANCE RELATED

33
Q

Shows the health of each aws service as a whole per region

A

Service Health Dashboard

34
Q

Provides alerts and remediation guidance when AWS is experiencing events that may impact you.

A

Personal Health Dashboard

35
Q

I CANNOT retrieve data from any terminated EC2 or ELB instance after its termination. CloudWatch does not store data indefinitely.
True or false?

A

FALSE.
You CAN retrieve data from any terminated EC2 or ELB instance after its termination. CloudWatch Logs by default are stored indefinitely.

36
Q

How can I use CloudWatch on-premises?

A

Download and install the SSM agent and CloudWatch agent.

37
Q

___________________________ is a volume metric used with Provisioned IOPS SSD volumes only. It provides the percentage of I/O operations per second (IOPS) delivered of the total IOPS provisioned for an Amazon EBS volume.

A

VolumeThroughputPercentage

SysOps Admin (8 decks)

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