Monera Flashcards
Where does the word monera originate from
Greek word moneres means single or solitary
What are the organisms under monera
All bacteria, blue green algae(Cyanobacteria), mycoplasma
Describe the characteristics of kingdom monera
Unicellular, prokaryotic,rigid cell wall is present for bacteria and blue green algae but absent in mycoplasma(it is a exception), and their mode of nutrition is heterotrophic,they also don’t have membrane bound organelles like mitochondria,chloroplast,endoplasmic reticulum and etc
What are some of the exceptions of monera
The mycoplasma which doesn’t have a cell wall and the blue green algae and some other bacteria have chlorophyll making the autotroph and mycoplasma and most of the bacteria is heterotroph
What is flagella
They are one or two whip like structures which help in locomotion
Describe bacteria
Bacteria are unicellular and prokaryotic and range from 0.2-2micrometer in singular they are called bacterium and there are the most primitive forms of life on earth
Where are bacteria found
Bacteria is found anywhere since it can survive in harsh conditions due to the presence of a rigid cell wall
Why can bacteria survive in harsh conditions and what are they lacking
They can survive in harsh weather due to the presence of a rigid cell wall and they lack a nuclear membrane to enclose the nuclear material and they also lack membrane bound organelles like endoplasmic reticulum,mitochondria,chloroplast,golgi body
What are the four common types of bacteria based on shape?
- Bacillus (rod shaped)
- Coccus (spherical or ovoid)
- Spirillum (spiral shaped)
- Vibrio (comma shaped)
Bacillus is pluralized as bacilli, Coccus as cocci, Spirillum as spirilla, and Vibrio remains the same.
What is the shape of Bacillus bacteria?
Rod shaped
Bacillus is the singular form, while bacilli is the plural.
What is the shape of Coccus bacteria?
Spherical or ovoid
Coccus is the singular form, while cocci is the plural.
What is the shape of Spirillum bacteria?
Spiral shaped
Spirillum is the singular form, while spirilla is the plural.
What is the shape of Vibrio bacteria?
Comma shaped
Vibrio is both the singular and plural form.
True or False: A species is a group of similar organisms that can reproduce among themselves.
True
True or False: The lowest rank of classification is Kingdom.
False
The lowest rank of classification is species.
True or False: Bacteria cannot survive in harsh conditions.
False
Many bacteria can survive in harsh conditions.
True or False: Vibrio is a comma-shaped bacteria.
True
True or False: Bacteria have a nuclear membrane.
False
Bacteria do not have a nuclear membrane; they are prokaryotic.
What is the role of Lactobacillus bacteria?
Used for curdling of milk
It converts lactose into lactic acid, imparting a sour taste.
What does Acetobacter convert fruit juices into?
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Acetobacter is a type of bacteria that plays a role in fermentation.
What is Streptomyces used for?
Preparation of antibiotics
Antibiotics are chemical substances extracted from microbes.
Where are Rhizobium bacteria found?
In the root nodules of leguminous plants
Examples include pea, beans, grams, and groundnut.
What do Rhizobium bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into?
Nitrite and nitrate
These forms are easily absorbed by plants.
What type of association is formed between Rhizobium bacteria and leguminous plants?
Symbiosis
This relationship benefits both the bacteria and the plants.
Fill in the blank: The plant provides _______ and food to the bacteria in a symbiotic relationship.
shelter
Fill in the blank: The bacteria provide _______ which is used by the plant to synthesize proteins.
nitrogen
