MONDAYYY

Question 1

B F Skinner

Answer 1

Argued moral human behaviour does not take into account what science is telling us

Question 2

John Stewart Mill

Answer 2

His book contains an outspoken defence for free speech as individuals should not be crushed by the state or society. Individuality is part of a good life.

Question 3

Aquinas

Answer 3

Saw conscience as a way of distinguishing between right and wrong and thought people only did evil when they made a mistake and conscience was mistaken.

Question 4

Joseph Butler

Answer 4

Was a priest who saw conscience as the final moral decision-maker and that humans are influenced by two key feelings of self-love and benevolence (love for others)

Question 5

Sigmund Freud

Answer 5

Children learn from an early age that the world restricts human desires and individual freedom

Question 6

Ted Honderich

Answer 6

Defines hard determinism as everything that happens being defined by other events

Question 7

Clarence Darrow

Answer 7

A US lawyer who argued two teenage murderers were subject of their upbringing so managed to get the boys a shortened sentance

Question 8

Stanley Milgram

Answer 8

Found the people were likely to listen to an authoritative figure as Milgram used the example of Nazi torture methods from WW2

Question 9

Aristotle

Answer 9

Argues everything we do is done for an end which is the ‘chief good’, he founded virtue ethics and outlined Eudaimonia as a middle way between the vice of deficiency and excess

Question 10

Elizabeth Anscombe

Answer 10

Challenges teleological and deontological thinking as they are preoccupied with laws/rules and loses consideration of emotions, the main thing to consider is human flourishing

Question 11

Alasdair MacIntyre

Answer 11

Modern morality has suffered a catastrophe and has lost sight of moral wisdom, virtues are understood within a community not individually

Question 12

Philippa Foot

Answer 12

Neglected the subject of virtues and vices, notes that being virtuous is sometimes more demanding than others

Question 13

3 types of love

Answer 13

Eros- Sensual/Erotic love
Agape- Unconditional love
Philial- Friendship & Brotherly/Sisterly

Question 14

Pythagoras

Answer 14

Believed humans should abstain from physical love

Question 15

Greek stoics

Answer 15

See sex as a loss of control over animal instincts

Question 16

Cyrenaics

Answer 16

Expressed sensual pleasure as a supreme good

Question 17

Adrian Tatcher

Answer 17

Research marriage and cohabitation in 2002 and found there was an increase in cohabitation and a decrease in marriage

Question 18

Roger Crook

Answer 18

Looked at changing patterns in the last century that affect marriage found 3 key changes:
1.changing status of women 2.family planning (contraception) 3.deeper understanding of sexuality

Question 19

Song of Songs

Answer 19

A song to celebrate sexual love

Question 20

St Augustine

Answer 20

Saw sex as a sin unless it was for reproduction

Question 21

Stamford and Saunders

Answer 21

Point out that Jesus doesn’t talk about homosexuals

Question 22

Moore

Answer 22

Looks at how in the bible they talk about two garments made from certain materials which shouldn’t be warm together but Christians ignore that rule but critisize minorities like homosexuals where possible

Question 23

Rosemary Radford Ruether

Answer 23

Christianity is less than supportive of of women’s equal rights hence why women can’t be priests