monday, june 22, 2015

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus Attachments and insertion and innervation

Answer 1

The gluteus maximus originates from the dorsal surface of the sacrum, the gluteal surface of the ilium, the thoracolumbar fascia, and the sacrotuberous ligament.
The superior fibers of the gluteus maximus insert onto the iliotibial tract and the inferior fibers insert onto the gluteal tuberosity. Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve (L5 to S2).

Question 2

Gluteus Maximus Actions

Answer 2

acts to extend and externally rotate the femur at the hip joint in the sagittal and coronal planes. In addition, the superior fibers of the gluteus maximus act to abduct the femur at the hip joint and the inferior fibers act to adduct the femur at the hip joint.

Question 3

Gluteus Medius Attachments

Answer 3

The gluteus medius originates from the gluteal surface of the ilium below the iliac crest between the anterior and posterior gluteal line. It inserts onto the lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4 to S1).

Question 4

Gluteus Medius Actions

Answer 4

The entire gluteus medius acts to abduct the femur at the hip joint and to stabilize the pelvis in the coronal plane. In addition, the anterior fibers act to flex and internally rotate the femur at the hip joint and the posterior fibers act to extend and externally rotate the femur at the hip joint.

Question 5

gluteus minimus

Answer 5

orig at ilium, gluteal surface , below the origin of gluteus medium and inserts on the anterolateral surface of greater trochanter of femur. Is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve, L4-S1. As action.it abducts, the hip, stabilizes the pelvis,flex and internally rotate and extend and externally rotate like gluteus minimus muscle

Question 6

Piriformis Attachments

Answer 6

The piriformis originates from the pelvic surface of the sacrum and inserts onto the apex of the greater trochanter of the femur. Innervation: Sacral plexus (S1, S2).

Question 7

Piriformis Actions

Answer 7

The piriformis acts to externally rotate, abduct, and extend the femur at the hip joint. It also acts to stabilize the hip joint.

Question 8

vessels emerging from the pelvis superior to the piriformis

Answer 8

superior gluteal vessels and nerve

Question 9

triceps coxae.

Answer 9

obturator internus with sup. and inf. gemelli, they all attaché to obturator internus tendon which connects to greater trochanter of femur

Question 10

Gemellus Superior Attachments

Answer 10

The gemellus superior originates from the ischial spine and inserts onto the medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. Innervation: Sacral plexus (L5, S1).

Question 11

Gemellus Superior Actions

Answer 11

The gemellus superior acts to externally rotate and extend the femur at the hip joint. It also acts to abduct or adduct the femur at the hip joint depending on the position of the joint.

Question 12

Gemellus Inferior Attachments

Answer 12

The gemellus inferior originates from the ischial tuberosity and inserts onto the medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. Innervation: Sacral plexus (L5, S1).

Question 13

Gemellus Inferior Actions

Answer 13

The gemellus inferior acts to externally rotate and extend the femur at the hip joint. It also acts to abduct or adduct the femur at the hip depending on the position of the joint.

Question 14

Quadratus Femoris Attachments

Answer 14

The quadratus femoris originates from the lateral border of the ischial tuberosity and inserts onto the intertrochanteric crest of the femur. Innervation: Sacral plexus (L5, S1).

Question 15

Quadratus Femoris Actions

Answer 15

The quadratus femoris acts to externally rotate and extend the femur at the hip joint.

Question 16

Identify the internal pudendal vessels ( artery and vein)

and the pudendal nerve.

Answer 16

They exit the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen, cross under the sacrospinous ligament (which attaches to the ischial spine), and enter the perineal region via the lesser sciatic foramen.

Question 17

Gluteus Minimus Attachments

Answer 17

The gluteus minimus originates from the gluteal surface of the ilium just below the origin of the gluteus medius. It inserts onto the anterolateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4 to S1).

Question 18

Gluteus Minimus Actions

Answer 18

The entire gluteus minimus acts to abduct the femur at the hip joint and stabilize the pelvis in the coronal plane. In addition, the anterior fibers act to flex and internally rotate the femur at the hip joint and the posterior fibers act to extend and externally rotate the femur at the hip joint.

Question 19

Obturator Internus Attachments

Answer 19

The obturator internus originates from the inner surface of the obturator membrane and its bony boundaries and inserts onto the medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur. Innervation: Sacral plexus (L5, S1

Question 20

Obturator Internus Actions

Answer 20

The obturator internus acts to externally rotate and extend the femur at the hip joint. It also acts to abduct or adduct the femur at the hip joint depending on the position of the joint.

Question 21

tensor fascia latae attachements;

Answer 21

from ant. sup iliac spine, ant. part of iliac crest goes to iliotibial tract which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia ( Gerdy tubercle), is innervated by superior gluteal line , L4-S1. it tenses the fascia lata and at hip joint it also does abduction, flexion and internal rotation

Question 22

tensor fascia latae action

Answer 22

flexes thigh, internal rotation and abduction