Mometrix Flashcards
Which need immediate attention
- Respiration 20
- HR 122 thready
- Sunken eyes
- Temperature 98.9
- Lethargy
- Reported vomiting/ diarrhea
- HR 122 thready
- Sunken eyes
- Lethargy
- Reported vomiting/ diarrhea
Hypovolemia/Hypervolemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Crackles in the base of lungs
- Bounding pedal pulse
- Decreased skin turgor
- +2 edema bilateral upper extremities
Hypovolemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Decreased skin turgor
Hypervolemia
2. Crackles in the base of lungs
3. Bounding pedal pulse
5. +2 edema bilateral upper extremities
Apixaban is this type of medication
Used to treat
a novel oral anticoagulant
Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation to reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots
Client who stops taking apixaban for their A fib is at risk for what type of stroke?
Secondary to….
Ischemic stroke
Secondary to an embolism
Stopping apixaban (novel blood thinnner) can cause clots to form which can travel to the brain and cause a stroke
What is VAN positive mean…
0
1-4
5-15
16-20
21-42
Deficit in vision, aphasia, or neglect (VAN) categories
Large artery stroke
0 (No Stroke)
1-4 Mild
5-15 Moderate
16-20 Moderate/ Severe
21-42 Severe
How would a patient get a hemorrhagic stroke?
Head Trauma/ Falls
For a suspected ischemic stroke
Which of the following should the nurse consider a priority
- Blood sugar sample
- Order CBC, BMP, trophin level
- Obtain EKG
- Education on medication compliance
- CT scan of head
- Administer IV labetalol
- Blood sugar sample (Hypo/Hyperglycemia resemble stroke symptoms)
- CT scan of head (<25 mins arrival ED - Rules out hemorrhagic stroke)
- Administer IV labetalol ( Contraction for thrombolytics is Systolic BP > 185)
No priority
- Order CBC, BMP, trophin level
- Obtain EKG
- Education on medication compliance
newborn’s average blood pressure is ____
Between one month and two years old is ___
New born 64/41
1 month- 2 years = 95/58
Most common symptoms with Influenza
- Fever
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
- Rhinorrhea
Influenza colonizes the Respitory Tract
Fever, Cough, Rhinorrhea
Most common symptoms with UTI
- Fever
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
- Rhinorrhea
Fever
Also, pain / frequent urination
Maybe blood in urine
Most common symptoms with gastroenteritis
- Fever
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
- Rhinorrhea
Diarrhea & loss of appetite
May also have vomiting & abdominal pain
Which is a potential nursing action for a 2 year old who had a fever induced seizure and is dehydrated from vomiting & diarrhea
- Adding safety padding to the sides of the clients bed
- Request that acetaminophen order be given via rectal suppository
- Request an order for 1,000mL IV fluid bolus
- Provide client with juice or popsicle
- Provide client with cold compression for forehead / neck
Indicated
- Adding safety padding to the sides of the clients bed
- Provide client with juice or popsicle
- Provide client with cold compression for forehead / neck
Not indicated
- Request that acetaminophen order be given via rectal suppository
- Request an order for 1,000mL IV fluid bolus (Standard IV bolus for pediatrics = 20 mL / kg over 20 - 30 mins) 1000mL is way too much and dangerous
2 year old being discharged for hospital for stroke induced by fever & dehydration. Which statements indicate understanding by mother.
- My child was diagnosed with epilepsy today.
- Rectal is the most accurate location to measure my child’s temperature.
- I will alternate between acetaminophen & Ibuprofen to control my child’s temp.
- Place a platic biting pad in mouth during seizures to prevent damage.
- I will monitor my child’s intake of fluids & have him seen again if there is a decrease in wet diapers or crying without tears.
Understanding:
- Rectal is the most accurate location to measure my child’s temperature.
- I will alternate between acetaminophen & Ibuprofen to control my child’s temp.
- I will monitor my child’s intake of fluids & have him seen again if there is a decrease in wet diapers or crying without tears.
Not Understanding:
- My child was diagnosed with epilepsy today.
- Place a platic biting pad in mouth during seizures to prevent damage.
Children and teenagers recovering from chickenpox or flu-like symptoms should never take aspirin.
Due to this serious complication….
Describe it…
Reyes syndrome
Early:
diarrhea, rapid breathing, vomiting, and severe fatigue.
Symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness need emergency treatment
Brain Swelling/ Damage Most serious complication
What duration of apnea in a neonate is of concern?
- All periods of apena
- 2 - 3 seconds
- 6 - 8 seconds
- > 15 - 20 seconds
- > 15 - 20 seconds
Periodic breathing are normal in neonates. Usually 2-3 seconds long
If episodes are frequent or accompanied by Pallor, cyanosis, bradycardia, or hypotonia alert physician
Following a Lumbar puncture client has sever headaches lasting >24 hrs & not relieved by bedrest or fluids.
Which intervention does the nurse anticipate
- Bedrest 3 days
- Opiod analgesia
- Epidural blood patch
- IV fluids
- Epidural blood patch
Persistent headaches indicate a hole in the Dura Mater, Epidural Blood Patch creates a Blood Clot to “seal the hole”
Headaches occur in 1/5 post Lumbar Puncture aka spinal tap
Used to diagnose bacterial, fungal and viral infections, including meningitis, encephalitis and syphilis.
Bleeding around the brain, known as subarachnoid hemorrhage.
HbA1c levels
Pre-diabetic
Diabetic
*must occur on 2 separate occasions
Pre-diabetic: 5.7 - 6.4
Diabetic: > 6.5
Describe Parkinsons gait
Slight flexion of hips & knees
Short shuffling steps
Trunk leaning forward
No arm swing
RN team leader has a staff of 1 LPN & 2 CNA’s. Which assignment would you give to the LPN
- Dressing change on foot ulcer
- Insert Foley catheter
- Enema as prep for radiological procedure
- Bed bath for four clients
- Checking vital signs
LPN
- Dressing change on foot ulcer
- Insert Foley catheter
CNA
- Enema as prep for radiological procedure (YES, they can give enemas)
- Bed bath for four clients
- Checking vital signs
State Naegele’s rule for estimating pregnancy
When would be the due date for a client whose last menstrual cycle started June 10
Ended June 14
Naegeles rule states:
Date of onset of (LMP -Last menstrual period) + 9 months + 7 days
June 10th + 9 months = March 10th
March 10th + 7 days = March 17th
Immune system attacks the nerves.
The condition may be triggered by an acute bacterial or viral infection.
Early: weakness and tingling in the feet and legs that spread to the upper body. Paralysis can occur. (Lung paralysis)
Special blood treatments (plasma exchange and IV immunoglobulin therapy) can relieve symptoms.
Physical therapy is needed.
Guillain barré syndrome
autoimmune disease that occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the pancreas’ insulin-producing beta cells.
Name the disease
DM type 1
In _____ arthritis, the body’s immune system attacks its own tissue, typically in the hands and feet. In some people, the condition can damage body systems including the skin, eyes, lung, heart and blood vessels.
rheumatoid
Hashimoto disease describe:
Describe disease in general.
How you contract it?
Symptoms/ Complications
Treatment
Hashimoto is an Auto Immune disorder that attacks the Thyroid (butterfly shapped organ Located below Adam’s Apple)
Contracted Auto Immune
S&S: Same as hypothyroidism (Tired, Sleepy, muscle weakness & aches)
Complications: Goiter - which can cut off airway
Myxedema coma: Exposure to Stress, Cold, Infection or Sedation
Treatment: levothyroxine aka Synthroid
Client with schizophrenia has frequent hallucinations and is becoming withdrawn. Which are appropriate interventions to hallucinations
- Communicate frequently and present to reality
- Use distraction techniques
- Ask client to describe hallucinations
- Encourage the client to participate in reality-based activities, ie. Playing Cards
- Tell client to ignore hallucinations
- Communicate frequently and present to reality
- Ask client to describe hallucinations
(Helps determine if Client or Others are at risk due to the hallucinations) - Encourage the client to participate in reality-based activities, ie. Playing Cards
Do Not
Use distraction techniques
Tell client to ignore hallucinations