Momentum, Impulse, Work, Energy & Power Definitions Flashcards
linear momentum
the product of mass and velocity of the object
Newton’s second law in terms of momentum
The net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum
law of conservation of linear momentum
The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains remains constant
isolated (closed) system
a system that has to external force acting on it
elastic collision
collision in which both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
inelastic collision
a collision in which only momentum is conserved
impulse (J)
product of the net force and contact time
impulse is equal to change in momentum
work done on an object by a force
the product of the displacement and the component of the force parallel to the displacement
gravitational potential energy
the energy an object possesses due to its position relative to a reference point
kinetic energy
the energy an object has as a result of the object’s motion
mechanical energy
the sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy at a point
law of conservation of energy
the total energy in a system cannot be created nor destroyed; only transformed from one form to another
principle of conservation of mechanical energy
in the absence of air resistance or any external forces, the mechanical energy of an object is constant
work-energy theorem
the work done by a net force on an object is equal to the change in the kinetic energy of the object
power
rate at which work is done
