Momentum, Impulse, Work, Energy & Power Flashcards
Momentum
The product of the mass and velocity of the object (vector + same direction as velocity vector)
Newton’s second law in terms of momentum
The net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum (any acceptable)
Law of conservation of linear momentum
The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant (is conserved)
Elastic collision
A collision in which both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
Inelastic collision
A collision in which only momentum is conserved
Impulse ( J )
The product of the net force and the contact time
Work
The product of the displacement and the component of the force parallel to the displacement
Gravitational potential energy
The energy an object possesses due to its position relative to a reference point
Kinetic energy
The energy an object has as a result of the objects motion
Mechanical energy
The sum of gravitational potential and kinetic energy at a point
Law of conservation of energy
The total energy in a system cannot be created nor destroyed; only transformed from one form to another
Principle of conservation of mechanical energy
In the absence of air resistance or any external forces, the mechanical energy of an object is constant
Work-energy theorem
Work done on an object is equal to the change in kinetic energy of the object
Power (Watt (W))
The rate at which work is done / rate at which energy is transferred
One Watt
The power when one joule of work is done in one second
Efficiency
The ratio of output power to input power
