Momentum, Impulse, Work, Energy and Power Flashcards
Define linear momentum
the product of the mass and velocity of
the object
State Newton’s second law in terms of momentum
The net force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum.
State the law of conservation of linear momentum
The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant
Define an elastic collision
a collision in which both momentum
and kinetic energy are conserved
Define an inelastic collision
a collision in which only momentum
is conserved
Define impulse (J)
the product of the net force and the contact time
Define the work done on an object by a force
the product of the displacement and the component of the force parallel to the displacement
Define gravitational potential energy
the energy an object possesses due to its position relative to a reference point
Define kinetic energy
the energy an object has as a result
of the object’s motion
Define mechanical energy
the sum of gravitational
potential and kinetic energy at a point
State the law of conservation of energy
the total energy in a system cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another
State the principle of conservation of mechanical energy
In the absence of air resistance or any external forces, the mechanical energy of an object is constant
State the work-energy theorem
the work done by a net force on an object is equal to the change in the kinetic energy of the object
Define power
the rate at which work is done or the rate at which energy is transferred
Define efficiency
the ratio of output power to input power
