momentum and collions Flashcards
What are vector quantities?
Quantities associated with magnitude and direction.
How can vector quantities be described in terms of movement?
They can be positive (moving forward/upward) or negative (moving in reverse/downward).
How are vectors visually represented?
Vectors are usually drawn with arrows.
What is an example of a vector quantity?
A train moving north at a rate of 550 m/hour.
What are scalar quantities?
Quantities associated with just numbers.
Can scalar quantities be positive or negative?
Yes, they can also be positive or negative values.
What is an example of a scalar quantity?
A cheetah can run 70 mph without direction indicated.
What does momentum (P) refer to?
Quantity of motion within an object.
How is momentum calculated?
Momentum is the product of mass and velocity (P = m x v).
What are the two types of momentum?
- Linear Momentum * Angular Momentum
What is linear momentum?
Movement along a straight line.
What is the formula for calculating linear momentum?
P = m x v.
What units is linear momentum measured in?
kg m/s or Ns.
What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
Momentum is conserved in a closed system.
What is angular momentum?
Movement/rotation in a circular path.
What factors influence angular momentum?
- Mass * Speed * Shape of the orbit
What is the formula for angular momentum?
L = r x mv.
What does ‘L’ represent in the angular momentum formula?
Angular momentum.
What is the unit of measurement for angular momentum?
n . m . s or kg . m²/s.
What happens during collisions regarding momentum?
Energy in the form of momentum is transferred between objects.
What are the two types of collisions that involve momentum?
- Elastic Collisions * Inelastic Collisions
What characterizes elastic collisions?
Kinetic energy is conserved but transferred.
What is an example of an elastic collision?
Playing pool where the cue ball hits another ball.
How is momentum calculated in elastic collisions?
P total = P 1 + P 2.
What characterizes inelastic collisions?
Kinetic energy is lost due to heat, sound, or destruction of shape.
What is an example of an inelastic collision?
Two cars colliding and losing kinetic energy.
What happens to the greater force object in inelastic collisions?
It tends to keep moving after the collision.
Fill in the blank: The formula for linear momentum is P = _____
m x v
True or False: Angular momentum is calculated differently than linear momentum.
True
