moles/stoichiometry Flashcards
pure substances
elements or compounds
elements
cant be broken down chemically, made up of atoms with same atomic numbers
compounds
chemically bonded, and CAN be broken down chemically
empirical formula
can be calculated from percent composition
molecular formula
calculated from the empirical formula
binary compounds
made up of 2 elements (ionic or covalent)
- ionic, metallic goes first
- covalent
where does metallic go in a binary compound?
first in a ionic compound
where does an element go in a binary compound?
first less electronegative element
binary acids
hydrogen + some metal
structural formula
physical way to show atoms
what do chemical reactions show?
conservation of energy, mass, and charge
what is a chemical reaction?
reactants to products
what do balanced chemical equations show?
conservation of atoms
what are the coefficients in a balanced chemical used for?
find mole ratios in a reaction
gram formula mass
G
formula mass
amu
what are the types of chemical reactions?
synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement
synthesis
two or more substances reacting to form a product
decomposition
breaks up
single replacement
ONE element or compound replaces another one
double replacement
cations and anions switch places
cations
positive ions
anions
negative ions
percent composition
tells you by mass what percent of each element is in a compound
moles to grams
- find gfm/molar mass
- gfm x number of moles
percent composition
(og mass x subscript of elements)/gfm mass X 100
grams to moles
grams/molar mass
mole ratio
moles given X coefficient of desired/coefficient of given
