Molecules of life

Question 1

What is a monomer?

Answer 1

the smaller units from which larger molecules are made

Question 2

What are examples of monomers?

Answer 2

monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotides

Question 3

What is a polymer?

Answer 3

molecule made from a large number of monomers joined together

Question 4

What is a condensation reaction?

Answer 4

joins 2 molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and involve the elimination of a molecule of water

Question 5

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 5

breaks a chemical bond between 2 molecules and involves use of water molecule

Question 6

What do all carbohydrates contain?

Answer 6

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 7

What are 3 monosaccharides?

Answer 7

glucose
fructose
galactose

Question 8

What are 3 disaccharides?

Answer 8

sucrose
maltose
lactose

Question 9

What are 3 polysaccharides?

Answer 9

starch
glucose
cellulose

Question 10

Where is the hydrogen in alpha glucose?’

Answer 10

above

Question 11

Where is the hydrogen in beta glucose?

Answer 11

below

Question 12

alpha glucose + alpha glucose =

Answer 12

maltose + water

Question 13

glucose + galactose =

Answer 13

lactose + water

Question 14

glucose + fructose =

Answer 14

sucrose + water

Question 15

What is the test for reducing sugars?

Answer 15

1.) add benedicts reagent and heat in water bath
2.) positive observation = solution forms green/yellow/orange/brick red precipitate ( more red = higher conc)

Question 16

How can you measure the absorbance of remaining benedicts reagent?

Answer 16

remove the precipitate and use a colorimeter

or

filter and weigh it

Question 17

How can you test for non reducing sugars?

Answer 17

1.) add hydrochloric acid and heat (to break into monosaccharides)
2.) cool solution and neutralise it b y adding sodium hydrogencarbonate (an alkali)
3.) Add benedicts reagent and heat using water bath
4.) positive observation = forms green/yellow/orange/brick red