Molecules in Lecture Flashcards
1
Q
CD80/86
aka B7 1 & B7 2
A
- Activating Ligand on APC
- (Works w/ CD28 & CTLA4)
2
Q
CD28
A
- Activating Signal Transduction on TCR
- (Works w/ CD80/86 on APC)
3
Q
CTLA4
A
- Inhibitory signal Transduction on TCR
- (Works w/ CD80/86 on APC)
- Signal dampener; maintains constant level of T cell activation
4
Q
LFA-1
A
- Adhesion, signal transduction integrin on T-cell
- (works w/ ICAM1)
5
Q
ICAM-1
A
- Adhesion ligand on APC, endothelium
- (Works w/ LFA-1)
6
Q
PD-L1/PD-L2
A
- Inhibitory ligand on APC, tissue cells, tumor cells (PD-L1 only)
- (Works with PD-1, stimulate ITIMs)
- Regulate inflammatory response in tissues.
- PD-1 in nucleus eventually inhibits via ZAP70
7
Q
PD-1
A
- “Program Death” = PD
- Inhibtory function/negative regulation via ITIMs/phosphatases
- (Works w/ PD-L1 & PD-L2)
- Exists on T cells, B cells, Myeloid Cells
8
Q
ICOS-L
A
- Costimulation ligand on professional APCs
- (Works with ICOS)
9
Q
ICOS
A
- “Inducible T-Cell COStimulation” = ICOS
- Costimulation receptor on T-cells, helps generate follicular Th cells
- (Works w/ ICOS-L)
10
Q
IL-12
A
- T cell differentiation cytokine
- IL-12 -> STAT4 -> T-bet -> Th1 cell (also CTL)
11
Q
STAT4
A
- Signaling molecule activated by IL-12.
- IL-12 -> STAT4 -> T-bet -> Th1 cell (also CTL)
12
Q
T-bet
A
- Facilitates generation of Th1 cells (also CTL)
- IL-12 -> STAT4 -> T-bet -> Th1 cell (also CTL)
13
Q
IL-4
A
- T cell differentiation cytokine
- IL-4 -> STAT6 -> GATA3 -> Th2 cell
- Cytokine from CD4/Mast Cells that works in B cell switching from IgM -> IgE
14
Q
STAT6
A
- Signaling molecule activated by IL-4
- IL-4 -> STAT6 -> GATA3 -> Th2 cell
15
Q
GATA3
A
- Facilitates generation of Th2 cells
- IL-4 -> STAT6 -> GATA3 -> Th2 cell
16
Q
IL-6
A
- T cell differentiation cytokine
- IL-6 -> STAT3 -> ROR(gamma)t -> Th17 cell
17
Q
STAT3
A
- Signaling molecule activated by IL-6
- IL-6 -> STAT3 -> ROR(gamma)t -> Th17 cell
18
Q
ROR(gamma)t
A
Facilitates generations of Th17 cells
-IL-6 -> STAT3 -> ROR(gamma)t -> Th17 cell
19
Q
TGF (Beta)
A
- T cell differentiation cytokine
- Also works in inhibition of T-cell activation
- TGF (Beta) -> SMAD2/SMAD4 -> FOXP3 -> Treg cells
20
Q
SMAD2/SMAD4
A
- Signaling molecule activated by TGF (beta)
- TGF (Beta) -> SMAD2/SMAD4 -> FOXP3 -> Treg cells
21
Q
FOXP3
A
- Facilitates generation of Treg cells
- -TGF (Beta) -> SMAD2/SMAD4 -> FOXP3 -> Treg cells
22
Q
LCK
A
- Protein tyrosine kinase associated w/CD4+&CD8+ coreceptor;
- Phosphorylates ITAMs on Zeta chains, CD3
- Also phosphorylates ZAP70
23
Q
ITAMs
A
- The 2 tyrosine residues on Zeta chains/CD3.
- Phosphorylated by LCK, docking site for ZAP70
24
Q
ZAP70
A
-Tyrosine kinase actiavted by LCK that triggers additional signaling events in T cells via phosphorylation mechanisms
25
IL-2
- Cytokine that stimulates survival & proliferation of T cells
- Regulatory T cell support
26
CD-25
-Alpha chain in IL-2R that enables receptor to bind to IL-2 with high affinity in activated T cells
27
CD40-L
-Ligand expressed on activated Th cells that interacts w/professional APCs to induce more T cell activation
28
CD40
-Receptor on professional APC that, when activated, stimulates more B7/CD80 co-stimulatory signals for additional T cell activation
29
CD69
- *whispers*...Nice...
- But actually, reduces surface expression of S1PR1, keeping activated T cells in LNs and allows them proliferate/differentiate into memory and effector cells
30
IL-7
-Induces expression of anti-apoptotic proteins/low-level proliferation in memory T cells (like IL-15)
31
IL-15
-Induces expression of anti-apoptotic proteins/low-level proliferation in memory T cells (like IL-7)
32
L-Selectin
-Initial weak adhesion of naive T cells to HEV in LN
33
CCR7
-Chemokine receptor on naive t cell that allows to reside in LN
34
CXCR3
-Chemokine receptor on activated T cells that allows T cells cells to pass through endothelium when bound with CXCL10
35
IFN (Gamma)
-Activation of macrophages from CD4, CD8, & NK cells
36
IL-5
-Cytokine from CD4, mast cells, & innate lymphoid cells that works in activation of eosinophils
37
IL-17
-Cytokine from CD4+ cells (& others) that works in stimulation of acute inflammation
38
IL-22
-Cytokine from CD4+, NK, innate lymphoid cells that works in maintenance of epithelial barrier function
39
IL-21
- Induced by ROR (gamma) & STAT3, amplifies generation of Th17 cells in autocrine manner
- Important in Tfh in isotype switching, affinity maturation, & Ab production in GC
40
IL-23
-Cytokine produced by M1 macrophages that activates Th17 cells
41
CD19
-B cell co-receptor that functions as DOMINANT SIGNALING COMPONENT of B cells
42
CD21
- B cell co-receptor that w/CD19, lowers Ag threshold for B cell activation
- (aka Complement Receptor 2 or CR2)
43
CD32 [ Fc (gamma) RIIB / Fc (gamma) RII]
-B cell co-receptor that contains ITIM & negatively regulates BCR signaling
44
CD-81
-In complex w/ CD19 that is necessary for normal CD19 expression
45
AID
- Works w/ CD40-L/CD40 for Isotype Switching
| - ("Activation-Induced Deaminase")
46
BAFF
-Produced by DCs & Macrophages that can induce sythesis of AID in Ag activated B cells for limited T1 isotype switching
47
FcRn
-Neonatal endosomal receptor of IgG that transports Ab from maternal circulation to fetus
48
Fc (gamma) RI [CD64]
-High-affinity FcR for IgG3 & IgG1 on macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils that participates in phagocytosis & cell activation
49
Fc (gamma) RIII [CD16]
-Low-affinity FcR on NK cells that participates in Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)
50
Fc (epsilon) RI
-High-affinity FcR for IgE on mast cells, basophils, eosinophils that work to kill helminths via major basic protein (cationic) in degranulation
51
Factor D
- Plasma Serine Protease
| - Cleaves Factor B when bound to C3b in alternative pathway
52
Properdin (Factor P)
-Stabilizes C3 convertase (C3bBb) when on microbial surface in alternative pathway
53
CR1 (CD35)
-High-affinity receptor for C3b & C4b that works in phagocytosis & clearning of immune complexes
54
CR3
-Integrin that binds iC3b that works in phagocytosis & leukocyte adhesion/recruitment via ICAM-1
55
CR4
- Integrin that binds iC3b on phagocytes, NK cells, neutrophils
- Similar to CR3 (phagocytosis)
56
C1 Inhibitor
-Serine protease (C1r, C1s) inhibitor
57
Factor I
-Complement regulator on plasma proteins that cleaves C3b & C4b
58
Factor H
-Complement regulator on plasma proteins that displaces Bb from from C3b & helps Factor I cleave C3b
59
MCP
-Membrane cofactor on leukocytes, endothelial, epithelial cells that helps Factor I cleave C3b
60
DAF
-Factor on blood cells, endothelial, & epithelial cells that dissociates C3 convertawe in both the classical & alternative pathway
61
CD59
-Protein that inhibits formation of MAC by not allowing to work w/ C9
62
Plasma S Protein
-Inhibits formation of MAC by blocking membrane insertion of C5bC6C7
63
CD22
-Functions as inhibitory receptor in peripheral B cell tolerance
64
AIRE "(AutoImmune REgulator gene")
- Particpates in central tolerance
| - Abnormal expression leads to APS (autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome)
65
SHP-1
-Functions in negative B cell regulation / inhibition
66
TRA ("Tissue Regulated Antigens"
- Ags for central tolerance in thymus
| - Regulated by AIRE
67
PPD ("Purified Protein Derivative")
-Protein Ag of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that elicits Type IV (or DTH) hypersensitivity reaction (Tuberculin Reaction)
68
ACD ("Allergic Contact Dermatitis")
-Type IV/DTH hypersenstivity reaction elicited from external environmental exposure (i.e. poison ivy, metals)
69
ADA ("Adenosine Demaminase")
- Eliminates deoxyadenosine, which is toxic to lymphocytes in DNA breakdown
- Deciciency of ADA in T-B-NK- SCID
70
Artemis
- Enzyme in VDJ recombination & double-strand break repair
- Deficiency of Artemis in T-B-NK+ SCID
71
BTK ("Bruton Tyrosine Kinase")
- Involved with rearrangement of Ig Heavy Chains
| - Mutated in Bruton Agammaglobulinemia
72
BLNK
-B cell linker/adaptor proteins that amplify signal transduction & regulates downstream events
73
(lamda) 5 genes
-Encode surrogate light chain for rearrangment #1 in B cell maturation
74
CD11/CD18
-Neutrophil adhesion molecules shown in Flow Cytommetry for LAD
75
CH50
- Total Hemolytic Complement Activity
| - Screening test for classical complement issues (typicaly see absence of hemolysis in abnormal)
76
AH50
- Screening test for calternative compliment pathway
| - Decrease seen -> Problem w/ Factor B, Factor D, or Properdin
