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Fundamental Chemistry > Molecules for Life Week 5&6 > Flashcards

Molecules for Life Week 5&6 Flashcards

1
Q

Alkene

A

C=C, ene

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2
Q

Alchohol

A

R-O-H ol

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3
Q

Amine

A

R-NH2 amine

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4
Q

Carboxylic acid

A

oic acid R-C=O-OH

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5
Q

Ketone

A

R- C=O-R one

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6
Q

Aromatic molecules

A

Rings

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7
Q

Aliphatic molecules

A

other organic molecules.S

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8
Q

Sideways overlap of p orbitals

A

Pi bond

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9
Q

End to end overlap for p or s orbitals

A

Sigma bond

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10
Q

Conjugated system

A

Alternating single and double bonds

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11
Q

Molecules that contain benzene rings as part of their structure

A

Aromatic

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12
Q

Electrons that move between orbitals

A

Delocalised.

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13
Q

Linear bond angles and shape

A

Straight line 180o

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14
Q

Trigonal Planar bond angle and shape

A

Triangular 3D shape, 120o

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15
Q

Tetrahedral Bond angle and shape

A

Tetrahedron, 109.5

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16
Q

What groups do the amino acid group contain

A

Carboxyllic acid COOH and amine NH2 groups.

17
Q

Stereoisomerism

A

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms in space

18
Q

Examples of Stereoisomers

A

Geometric - Cis Trans or E/Z - Optical

19
Q

Structural Isomerism

A

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.

20
Q

What makes Straight chain isomers have a higher boiling point.

A

Molecules pack together more closely , so stronger intermolecular forces

21
Q

How is priority determined

A

From the size of the atom

22
Q

What is a Z isomer?

A

A stereoisomer that has the 2 high priority groups on the same side of the molecule.

23
Q

What is an E isomer

A

A stereoisomer that has the 2 high priority groups on opposite sides of the molecule.

24
Q

How does a cis geometric isomer determine the strength of a molecule?

A

It determines the polarity of a molecule, as the functional group/ atom will be on the same side of the molecule, the bond dipoles will not cancel out, leading to stronger IMFS.

25
Q

Why are cis fatty acids weaker?

A

The kink in the chain causes the molecule to be less closely packed so has a weaker IMFs

26
Q

What makes a carbon chiral?

A

A molecule with four different groups attached to it.

27
Q

What is non-superimposable mean?

A

mirror image of a molecule is different.

28
Q

What is a racemic mixture?

A

A 50/50 mixture of two enantiomer

29
Q

Enantiomer

A

Optical isomer

30
Q

Laevorotatory

A

Enantiomers that rotate to the left.

31
Q

Dextrorotatory

A

Enantiomers that rotate to the right.

32
Q

What type of Isomer is an amino acid?

A

Laevorotatory - L

33
Q

What type of isomers are sugars?

A

Dextrorotatory - D

34
Q
A

Fundamental Chemistry (1 decks)

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