Molecular shape, functional groups and isomerism

Question 1

Group names and structure

Answer 1

Hydroxyl -OH (alcohols)
Amino -NH2 (amines)
Sulfhydryl -SH (Thiols)
Carbonyl (Aldehydes/ketones/Amide)
Carboxyl
Phosphate

Question 2

Isomers (which 2) and what are they

Answer 2

2 organic molecules with the same number of atoms of the same elements but with different structures
-structural (differ in covalent partners)
-Geometric (differ in arrangement around a double bond)
-2 different geometric (cis and trans
isomers)

Question 3

Enantiomers

Answer 3

Molecules that only differ in the arrangement of groups around a central asymmetric chiral carbon atom
They are mirror images of each other
Identical physical and chemical properties ‘
They differ in the way they interact with other optically active compounds

Question 4

Optical activity

Answer 4

The ability of a substance to rotate the plane of polarization of a beam of light that is passed through it.