Molecular properties of matter

Question 1

Avogadro’s number

Answer 1

number of molecules in a mole of material

Na = 6.022x10^23 molecules/mol

Question 2

a given material is made up of

Answer 2

identical elementary entities

Question 3

Gas made of a large number of molecules

Answer 3

motion can be treated statistically

Question 4

Molecules are in continuous and rapid random motion

Answer 4

they collide elastically with each other and with the walls of the vessel

Question 5

Pressure originates from

Answer 5

the summation of large numbers of reaction forces as the molecules bounce off the walls.

Question 6

Molecules occupy

Answer 6

a negligible fraction of the total volume

Question 7

long-range forces of attraction between the particles are

Answer 7

negligble

Question 8

pV =

Answer 8

1/3Nm(vrms)^2

Question 9

1/2m(vrms)^2 =

Answer 9

3/2kT

Question 10

Equation of state for an ideal gas

Answer 10

pV = nRT

R = 8.3J/mol.K.

Question 11

Ktr

Answer 11

the total translational KE of the gas molecules

Question 12

E =

Answer 12

Ktr/N = (3/2nRT)/N = 1/2m

= mean square velocity

Question 13

KE per molecule

Answer 13

= 3/2 kbT

Question 14

KE per mole

Answer 14

= 3/2kT