Molecular Mechanism of Toxicity Flashcards
1
Q
what is a xenobiotic?
A
a foreign substance to the human body that can be internally or externally administered.
2
Q
biotransformation of xenobiotics?
A
- hydrophobic stored or metabolized
- absorbed through many routs
- hydrophilic compounds excreated in urine
- mainly takes part in liver
3
Q
name the two major pathways of metabolism and their purpose
A
Phase 1: Functionalised xenobiotic to allow phase 2 to occur. can increase toxicity
Phase 2: true detoxification pathway producing hydrophilic compounds and excretion from the body
4
Q
phase 1 is carried out b y?
A
p450 monooxygenase system
5
Q
where p450 located
A
located in the liver, smooth ER. generally found in cytoplasm
6
Q
what does a p450 reaction require ?
A
- NADPH
- Oxygen
- electrons from NADPH to P450 by NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase
7
Q
name 3 P450 important factors
A
- age
- induction and inhibition
- genetic polymerisation
8
Q
what activity influences genetic polymerisation?
A
Different DNA sequences
