Molecular Characteristics of Cancer Flashcards
What cancers are associated with BRCA1/2?
breast/ovarian
What cancers are associated with MSH/MLH mutations?
colon cancer
What cancers are associated with Rb?
retinoblastoma
What mutation is associated with Li-Fraumeni?
p53
What are the effects of methylation/acetylation on gene activity?
methylation silences
acetylation activates
What is a proto-oncogene?
A gene which is non-cancerous when wt, but when mutated becomes an oncogene (ex: krasg12d, mutant b-raf)
What does NF1 inhibit?
Ras
What is the signaling pathway of EGFR?
EGFR>Ras>Raf>Mek>Erk
Mek aka MAPKK
Erk aka MAPK
What drugs target EGFR? (5)
cetuximab, panitumumab, erlotinib, gefitinb, osimertinib
What drugs target Her2? (3)
trastuzumab, pertuzumab, lapatinib
What is the signaling pathway of PI3K?
PI3K>PIP3>Akt>mTOR
PTEN inhibits PI3K
What drugs target VEGF? (4)
bevacizumab, pazopanib, sunitinib, sorafenib
What drugs target mTOR?
anything that ends in -olimus
What is the difference between quiescence and senescence?
quiescence is reversible growth arrest
Senescence associated with p16ink4a and b-gal
What is the Hayflick limit?
Cells can only undergo a certain number of divisions before losing enough telomeres that they undergo senescence