Molecular Basis Of Dna Transcription

Question 1

Initiation in prokaryotic transcription

Answer 1

RNA polymerase directed to start site-> sigma factor dissociates

Question 2

Termination in prokaryotic transcription

Answer 2

Transcriptional termination site is a GC rich region -> hair pin loop formed

Question 3

What’s hnrna

Answer 3

Heterogeneous rna

Can be spliced differently to produce different proteins

Question 4

Capping in eukaryotic transcription

Answer 4

7-methylguanosine cap at 5’ end
Basically methylated gtp

Polyadenylylation at 3’ end (50-250 adenosine residues)

Question 5

RNA Polymerase 1 makes

Answer 5

Long rrna

Question 6

RNA polymerase 2 makes

Answer 6

Mrna

Microrna (silences mrna)

Question 7

RNA polymerase 3 makes

Answer 7

Rrna

Trna

Question 8

How is transcription regulated

Answer 8

Transcription factors: activators/ repressors

Enhancers

Question 9

Due to folding, DNA is how many times shorter than extended length?

Answer 9

10k

Question 10

Differences between euchromatin (open) and heterochromatin (closed)

Answer 10

Eu: cytosine UNmethylated; histones acetylated
Hetero: cytosine methylated; histones UNacetylated

Question 11

What enzyme methylates DNA

Answer 11

DNA methyltransferase