Molecular Flashcards
DNA exists in the condensed, ______, form in order to fit into the nucleus.
chromatin, of which there are 2 types
_____ charged DNA loops _____ times around _____ octomers, forming _____.
Negatively, two, histone, nucleosomes
Histones are rich in the amino acids ____ and _____.
HAL: Histones are rich in Arginine and Lysine
Barr bodies are ______. They are a type of ______atin.
Inactive X chromosomes. Heterochromatin.
___ binds to the nucleosome and to “linker DNA.”
H1
Histone synthesis occurs during _____ phase.
S
Methylation and acetylation as they relate to heterochromatin.
More methylation, less acetylation
Unlike ____ chromatin, which is not actively tscribed, less-condensed _____ chromatin is expressed.
Euchromatin is Expressed. Heterochromatin is Hoarded.
These amino acids are _____ylated on template strands in order to allow ______ enzymes to distinguish between the old and new in a type of organism called _____.
The Model is Methylated to allow Mismatch repair Mismatch repair enzymes Prokaryotes Methylation of Adenine and Cytosine (MAC) allows mismatch repair
DNA methylation at ____ islands represses transcription.
CpG
Effect of histone methylation
Histone Methylation Mostly Makes DNA Mute, depending on location
Effect of histone acetylation
Histone Acetylation makes DNA Active, relaxes the coils
Nucleoside is composed of
A base + deoxyribose
Nucleotide
Base + deoxyribose + phosphaTe
During DNA synthesis _ end of incoming nucleotide bears the triphosphate. Triphosphate bond is target of _____ _____ attack.
5’
3’ hydroxyl attack
dihydrofolate reductase is inhibited by ___ drugs,
3
METHotrexate
triMETHoprim
pyriMETHamine
