Molarity and Solutions Flashcards
What is a solution?
A mixture that is made of two or more substances and is identical/homogeneous throughout. They can be physically separated and are composed of solutes and solvents.
What is the solute?
The substance being dissolved, like salt or sugar.
What is the solvent?
The substance that dissolves the other substance (solute), like water.
What is concentration?
The amount of solute dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.
What does it mean if a solution is described as dilute?
It means its concentration of solute is low.
What does it mean if the solution is concentrated?
It means the concentration of solute is high.
What are three levels of concentration?
Unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated.
What does unsaturated mean?
The solution has less than the maximum amount of solute.
What does saturated mean?
The solution has exactly the maximum amount of solute. If any more is added, it sits at the bottom instead of dissolving.
What does supersaturated mean?
The solution has more of the dissolved solute than is typically possible, and this usually requires a temperature increase followed by cooling.
What is molarity?
A way to express the concentration of a solution. It represents how many moles of solute are dissolved in 1 liter of solution. (mol solute/liters solution)
What is the formula for molarity?
M=mol/L
How can you use molarity to solve for liters?
L=mol/M
How can you use molarity to solve for moles?
mol= M x L
In a lab, which do you add first when measuring out a certain volume of solution- the solvent or solute?
Add the solute first (or the more concentrated solution) before adding the solvent because it is much easier to control the volume of the solvent than it is to control the volume of solute.
