Modules 14 and 15: Systematic Review, Cost Effectiveness, and Quality Adjustment

Question 1

Which tool is used to simulate the likely costs and effectiveness associated with different potential interventions or diagnostic tests?

A. Decision tree
B. Specificity analysis
C. Quality adjusted life year

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Traditional open surgery costs $15000 with a benefit of 4 QALY. Robotic surgery costs $50,000 and has a benefit of 4.5 QALY. What is the ICER for the robotic surgery compared to the traditional open surgery?

Answer 2

ICER = (cost of new - cost of current)/(effect of new - effect of current) = 35000/0.5 = 70000

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a determinant of the quality of a cost effective analysis?

A. Quality of effectiveness data
B. Proper comparison options
C. Quality of decision tree and incorporation of all potential costs and outcomes
D. Quality of cost data
E. All of the above are determinants of quality

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which is NOT a way to assess heterogeneity among the studies included in a systematic review?

A. Visual inspection with forest plot
B. Inconsistency
C. Visual inspection with funnel plot
D. Cochran Q statistic

Answer 4

C

Question 5

The _______ is the weighted sum of squared deviation between individual study effect and overall effect.

A. Cochran Q statistic
B. Inconsistency (I^2)

Answer 5

A

Question 6

The ______ is the percentage of the variability in study effects due to the statistical heterogeneity rather than chance.

A. Cochran Q statistic
B. Inconsistency

Answer 6

B

Question 7

An inconsistency (I^2) level above 50% represents what?

Answer 7

High levels of statistical heterogeneity