Modules 1-5

Question 1

Biopsychologists aim to study

a) psychological states
b) movements and behaviours
c) psychological states through experience
d) mental phenomena relevant to human experiences
e) all of the above

Answer 1

e) all of the above

Question 2

The elevated plus maze (EPM) assesses fear by measuring

Answer 2

open arm exploration, fear response in rats

Question 3

Diazepam

a) increases fear/anxiety only in humans
b) reduces fear/anxiety only in humans
c) increases fear in non-human animal models
d) is not effective in rats
e) none of the above

Answer 3

e) none of the above

Question 4

Which of the following statements is correct:

a) the rat brain does not contain the primary visual cortex
b) the rat brain is a scaled-down version of the human brain
c) human and rat brains have a similar arrangement of motor and sensory areas
d) the human brain is not more complex than the brain of a rat
e) all of the above are correct

Answer 4

c) human and rat brains have a similar arrangement or motor and sensory areas

Question 5

What are class-common behaviours?

Answer 5

behaviours performed by all members of a class of animals

Question 6

the main difference between the brains of humans and those of related species are more ______ than ______

Answer 6

quantitative; qualitative

Question 7

the main difference between human brains and the brains of other mammalian relatives is that human brains tend to be bigger and ___

Answer 7

have more cortex

Question 8

Tony is testing the effectiveness of a new drug to improve the lives of people with PTSD, What type of research is this?

Answer 8

Applied research

Question 9

Thiamine-deficient rats display

Answer 9

memory deficits and brain damage

Question 10

The research of a biopsychologist working for a drug company would largely be

Answer 10

Pharmacological and applied

Question 11

Which behavioural test is used to measure anxiety in rats?

Answer 11

elevated plus maze (EPM)

Question 12

According to Module 1, which ability lies at the core of human behaviour?

Answer 12

complex movement

Question 13

The visual system bases its perceptions of motion on a comparison between movement of the image on the

Answer 13

retina and neural commands sent from the brain to the eye muscles

Question 14

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 14

neural pathway that connects the right and left hemispheres

Question 15

One of the fundamental differences between philosophy and psychology is the fact that…

Answer 15

only psychology has evolved into an empirical science

Question 16

Cross-modal brain plasticity refers to;

Answer 16

Shifts in the functional organization of the brain between sensory modalities

Question 17

Neurons in area MT are responsive to

Answer 17

visual motion

Question 18

Applying stimulation to the occipital lobe/visual cortex during Braille reading will;

Answer 18

interfere with reading performance

Question 19

When is brain plasticity at its greatest?

Answer 19

In young brains

Question 20

What is intra-modal plasticity?

Answer 20

shifts in the functional organization of the brain within sensory modalities

Question 21

Epigenetics refers to

Answer 21

inheritance mechanisms not directly related to the genetic code

Question 22

one of the major cell types in the cortex are

Answer 22

pyramidal cells

Question 23

environmental enrichment increases

Answer 23

cortex weight, corpus callosum thickness, dendritic length and branching, spine density

Question 24

enrichment can involve

Answer 24

increased societal interactions, physical activity, increased exploration, increased sensory stimulation

Question 25

nerves that carry signals away from the CNS are

Answer 25

efferent nerves

Question 26

The ANS nerves that project from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord are part of the

Answer 26

sympathetic nervous system

Question 27

What do sympathetic nerves do?

Answer 27

stimulate, organize and mobilize energy resources in threatening situations

Question 28

the vagus nerves are the longest

Answer 28

cranial nerves

Question 29

the inner most meninx is the

Answer 29

pia mater

Question 30

The cerebral ventricles, central canal , and subarachnoid space are filled with

Answer 30

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 31

convergent evolution produces structures that are

Answer 31

analogous

Question 32

Each strand of DNA is a sequence of ____ bases

Answer 32

nucleotide

Question 33

The sensitive period for the development of a particular trait is the period

Answer 33

during which a particular experience must occur to have a major effect on the development of the trait

Question 34

CNS is to PNS as oligodendrocytes are to

Answer 34

Schwann cells

Question 35

a cross-section of the spinal cord gray matter reveals four arms; among these are the two

Answer 35

ventral horns

Question 36

in general, afferent nerves carry sensory information

Answer 36

towards the CNS