Modules 1-3 Basic Network Connectivity and Communications Flashcards
What is:
A host/end-device
Server
Client
and what to they do?
Host/end-device:
is every computer on the network
Server:
is a computer or system that provides resources, data, services, or programs to other computers(end devices), known as clients over a network.
Client:
A desktop computer or workstation that is capable of obtaining information and applications from a server.
What is peer to peer, name some advantages and disadvantages.
Each computer works as both a server and a client–supplying and receiving files with bandwidth and processing distributed among all members of the network.
It is easy to set up, less complex, lower cost and used for simple tasks, but this means that there is no sentralized administration, it is not as secure, it is not scalable and it has slower performance.
What are Intermediary Devices (middleboxes), give examples
Interconnects end devices. Provide connectivity and work behind the scenes to ensure that data flows across the network.
Examples:
Switches
Routers
Firewalls
Difference between physical and logical topology
Physical : Physical location of intermediary devices and cable installation. Where the different devices and cables in the network are and how they are connected.
Logical: Defines the architecture of the communication mechanism for all nodes in a network. How the network is built up but we do not care where they are.
What is LAN and WAN, what are the differences?
LAN(Local area network) End devices
Small area, interconnects end devices, administered by organization or individual, provide high speed bandwidth.
Example: home network, office
WAN(Wide area network) LANS
Wide area, interconnects LANs over wide geographical areas, administered by one or more service providers, provide slower speed links between LAN.
Example, internet, school,
.
Difference between Intranet and Internet
And how is the internet connected?
Intranet: Private collection of LANs/WANs within an organization
Internet: Worldwide collection of interconnected LANs and WANs
LANs are connected to each other using WANs
WANs may use copper wires, fiber optic cables, and wireless transmissions.
Who promotes the open developement and evolution of the internet?
ISOC (Internet Society)
What are the 5 connection types used on LANs
Cable: high bandwidth, always on, Internet offered by cable TV providers
DSL: high bandwidth, always on, Internet connection that runs over a phone line
Cellular: uses a cellular network for Internet connectivity
Satellite: major benefit to rural areas without Internet Service Providers (ISP)
Dial-up: an inexpensive, low bandwidth option using a modem
What are the 4 basic characteristics to have a reliable network
Scalability: It should be easy to scale the network when you need a smaller or bigger.
Fault-tolerance
Limit the impact of failure by limiting the number of affected devices; redundancy enabled by using packet switching(grouping data into packets and sending them over network) in reliable nets.
Qos
Voice and video have higher service requirements , high bandwidth for video, low delay for interactive voice/video.
Network security
Protection network from and data from breaches, intrusions and other threats. Access control, virus and antivirus software etc.
Must be implemented using multiple layers more than one security solution.
What is Cloud Computing
Computation or storage is performed on server over the internet instead of user devices.
Name 4 different “clouds” used in cloud computing
Public clouds
Available to general public through pay-per-use model or for free.
Private clouds
Intended for a specific organization or entity such as the government.
Hybrid clouds
Made up of two or more cloud types - for example, part custom and part public. Each part remains a distinctive object, but both are connected using the same architecture,
Custom Clouds
Built to meet the needs of a specific industry, such as healthcare or media, private or public.
What are protocols ?
Protocols are a set of rules that communicating entities will follow.
Why is message size important?
-Message size: data has to be split up into smaller chunks to be carried on the medium as bits (light, sound or electrical pulses)
What are protocul suites/stack?
Protocol suites/stack are basically a group of inter-related protocols necessary to perform a communication function.
Basically sets of rules that work together to help solve a problem.
Why use layers when approaching the network model?
Seperation: Breaking a bigger task (data communication) into smaller tasks (i.e functions)
Abstraction: Changes to one layer minimizes the impact on other layers.
Design: easier to implement functions/protocols as long as interconnection between layers are kept intact.
Complexity: Easier to learn, troubleshoot and standardize.
