Module Ten Flashcards
What are the advantages of AME? (4)
Transport speed
Ability to bring more skilled staff to the patient
Access to remote locations
Improved access to specialist centres
What are the contributing factors to crashes in AME? (5)
Aircraft characteristics
Operational characteristics
Weather and environment
Crew
Patient
What needs to be considered when evaluating the costs of AME? (5)
Expensive forms of transport
Cost-effectiveness
Quality of life
Different funding models have different cost considerations
Public’s positive perception of hospitals with flight institutions
What are the important elements in safety management and causation of accidents? (4)
Process improvement and safety
Swiss cheese model of accident causation
Crew resource management principles
Simulation training pilots
How should performance be considered in AME?
In terms of patient outcomes - if value was added.
Where did the term crisis resource management/team resource management come from?
From the term crew resource management
Crashes showed recurrent failures in inter-personal communication, decision making, and leadership.
What are the human factors that contribute to error and success in medical crisis? (8)
Communication
Leadership
Teamwork
Attention allocation
Planning
Knowledge of environment
Knowledge of self
Situational awareness
What are the Big Five variables that affect team performance?
Team leadership
Mutual performance monitoring - individual circumstances
Backup behaviour - knowledge of team member’s capabilities
Adaptability
Team orientation - goal
Shared mental models and collaboration and information sharing are also important.
Describe the relevant individual human factors.
Knowledge - clinical/technical skills
Attitude, motivation, personality - non-clinical skills: task management, team working, decision making, situation awareness, stress management
Describe different leadership styles.
Participative/collaborative
Authoritative
What are the categories of communication failures?
The individual
The physical environment
The cultural environment
How can checklists reduce human error?
Helps people complete a series of tasks by compensating for memory and attention limitations.
Effective ones are short, self-generated, and operationally relevant.
List some effects of fatigue. (11)
Attention deficits
Fixation
Situational awareness loss
Loss of adaptability
Difficulty doing calculations
Mood changes
Intolerance
Impaired judgment
Impaired communication
Impaired memory
Reduced ability to learn
What is error wisdom?
Understanding the possibility that in certain circumstances something may go wrong.
What is the three bucket rule?
Rapid assessment of error risk of a situation. How full are the three buckets:
1) Self: performance factors - fatigue/stress; uncertainty/unfamiliarity; lack of knowledge
2) Context: distractions; lack of time; lack of key equipment
3) Task: complexity; and risk.
