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CNA > Module H > Flashcards

Module H Flashcards

1
Q

Bones

A

Hard and rigid structures that make up the skeleton and together form the framework of the body.

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2
Q

Contracture

A

Permanent shortening of muscle resulting in immovable joints

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3
Q

Joints

A

The point where bones meet, made up of connective tissue called cartilage that cushions bones and keeps them from rubbing together during movement

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4
Q

Muscles

A

structure of the body that powers movement of skeleton and helps stay erect

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5
Q

Central nervous system or (CNS)

A

one of the two divisions of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

one of the two divisions of the nervous system that includes nerves that’s throughout the body

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7
Q

Expiration

A

involves the breathing out of carbon dioxide

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8
Q

Inspiration

A

involves the breathing in of oxygen

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9
Q

Respiratory System

A

involves the breathing in of oxygen ( inspiration) and the breathing out of carbon dioxide (expiration)

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10
Q

Constipation

A

inability to have a stool or infrequent, difficult, and possibly painful elimination of a hard, dry stool.

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11
Q

Diarrhea

A

Liquid stool

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12
Q

Enema

A

specific amount of water that may or may not have an additive and is inserted into the colon to stimulate passage of stool

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13
Q

Fecal impaction

A

Hard stool stuck in the rectum and cannot be expelled resulting in ongoing constipation.

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14
Q

Flatulence

A

Gas

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15
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

chronic condition when liquid contents of the stomach back up into the esophagus and that can damage the lining of the esophagus.

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16
Q

Ulcerative Coliti

A

chronic inflammatory disease of large intestine; serious condition that can result in a colostomy.

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17
Q

Kidney Stones (or renal calculi)

A

Jagged stones formed when urine crystalizes in the kidneys that can block kidneys and ureters causing excruciating pain.

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18
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

Inability to control the bladder leading to an involuntary loss of urine

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19
Q

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

an infection of urethra, bladder, ureter, or kidney typically caused by E. Coli, a bacteria found in the digestive system

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20
Q

Reproductive System

A

system that allows human beings to create a new human life and may be subdivided into a two categories (1) the female reproductive system and (2) the male reproductive system

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21
Q

Glands

A

an organ that secretes chemicals, called hormones that regulate bodily function

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22
Q

Peristalsis

A

Involuntary contractions that move food through the digestive system

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23
Q

Arthritis

A

inflammation or swelling of the joints causing stiffness, pain, and decreased mobility

24
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

degenerative joint disease affecting the elderly and may occur with aging or joint injury, usually involving weight-bearing hips and knees.

25
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

systemic, crippling disease-causing deformities, with stiff, painful, swollen joints.

26
Q

Osteoporosis

A

loss of bone density causing bones to become porous and brittle, resulting in bones breaking easily

27
Q

Closed Fracture

A

a broken bone that does not break the skin

28
Q

Open fracture

A

a broken bone that breaks through the skin

29
Q

Prothesis

A

device that replaces body part that is missing or deformed

30
Q

amputation

A

removal of all or part of a limb because of a disease or an accident

31
Q

Phantom sensation

A

the feeling that amputated body part is still there

32
Q

Phantom pain

A

pain experienced in the area that a body part has been amputated possibly due to damaged nerve endings

33
Q

Parkinson’s Disease

A

Progressive, incurable disease that causes a part of the brain to degenerate, resulting in stiffening muscles, shuffling gait, and bent posture

34
Q

Paraplegia

A

complete loss of function occurs to the lower body

35
Q

Hypertension

A

high blood pressure

36
Q

Myocardial Infarction ( heart attack or MI)

A

a condition where the heart muscle does not receive enough blood and lacks oxygen, causing damage or death to that area of the heart

37
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (or CHF)

A

when one or both sides of the heart stop pumping effectively

38
Q

Peripheral Vascular Disease (or PVD)

A

poor circulation of legs, feet, arms, hands due to fatty deposits that harden in blood vessels

39
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

A

chronic, progressive disease of the lungs causing trouble breathing, particularly getting air out of lungs; includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema

40
Q

Emphysema

A

chronic, progressive disease of the lungs causing irreversible damage, usually resulting from chronic bronchitis and smoking

41
Q

Pneumonia

A

acute (sudden onset) infection of the lung or lungs caused by bacteria, virus, or fungus

42
Q

Asthma

A

chronic inflammatory disease occurring when the respiratory system reacts quickly and strongly to irritants, such as pollen and dust, characterized by difficulty breathing, wheezing, and a sense of tightness or constriction in the chest due to spasm of the muscles

43
Q

Upper respiratory infection (or URI or a cold)

A

viral or bacterial infection of nose, sinuses, and throat with nasal drainage, sneezing, sore throat, fever, and tiredness.

44
Q

Diabetes (or DM)

A

the most common disorder of the endocrine system and occurs when the pancreas produces too little insulin or does not use insulin properly causing sugar build up in the blood

45
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

a lifelong condition typically beginning during childhood and early adult when the pancreas does not produce insulin

46
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

a type of diabetes that develops after about age 35 when the pancreas secretes insulin, but does not use it well

47
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy

48
Q

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (or AIDS)

A

Disease caused by a virus and attacks the -immune system and destroys infection-fighting and cancer-fighting cells of the body

49
Q

Tumor

A

growth of abnormal cells which may be benign or malignant

50
Q

Benign tumor

A

a non-life threatening, non- cancerous tumor that does not spread to other body parts

51
Q

Malignant tumor

A

a cancerous tumor that invades and destroys nearby tissues and can spread to other parts of the body

52
Q

Cognitive Impairment

A

poor judgment, memory loss, inability to solve problems, confusion

53
Q

Shingles ( or Herpes Zoster)

A

a disease caused by a virus, most common in people over 50, with signs that include a rash or blisters on one side of the body, burning pain, numbness and itching

54
Q

Dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin

55
Q

Total Knee replacement (or TKR)

A

surgical replacement of the knee with a prosthesis performed to relieve pain and restore mobility, damaged by arthritis or injury

56
Q

Quariplegia

A

complete loss of function occurs to lower and upper body, plus trunk

57
Q

Angina pectoris (or angina)

A

chest pain occurring when the heart muscle is not getting enough oxygen due to narrowed blood vessels, brought about by exercise, stress, excitement, or digesting a big meal.

CNA (1 decks)

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