Module A: Development

Question 1

What is Gastrulation?

Answer 1

The process of proliferation of innercell mass (epiblast)
cells and migration to different regions

Question 2

What is Induction?

Answer 2

Induction is the development of different
tissues and layers because of the influence
from other tissues.

This occurs through secreted growth factors.

Question 3

BMP4 alone forms…

Answer 3

Epidermis

Question 4

BMP4 in the presence of chordin and noggin form…

Answer 4

Anterior Neuroectoderm

Question 5

BMP4, chordin, noggin and FGF form…

Answer 5

Posterior Neuroectoderm

Question 6

In the embryo BMP4 is secreted from…

Answer 6

The Notochord

Question 7

Neural Crest cells develop into…

Answer 7

Cranial - Neurons and Glia of cranial ganglia, Cartilage and Bone, Connective tissue

Trunk - Sensory Neurons and Glia, Pigment cells, Sympatho-adrenal cells

Question 8

What results when the anterior pole of the neural tube fails to close?

Answer 8

Anencephaly

Question 9

What results when the posterior pole of the neural tube fails to close?

Answer 9

Spina Bifida

Question 10

Neural Crest becomes…

Answer 10

PNS

Question 11

Neural Tube becomes…

Answer 11

CNS

Question 12

Somites become…

Answer 12

Spinal Vertebrae

Question 13

Three-vesicle Stage occurs at what week?

Answer 13

Week 4

Question 14

What are the components of the brain at the 3 Vesicle stage?

Answer 14

Prosencephalon

Mesencephalon

Rhombencephalon

Question 15

Five-vesicle Stage occurs at what week?

Answer 15

Week 6

Question 16

What are the components of the brain at the 4 Vesicle Stage?

Answer 16

Forebrain - Telencephalon, Diencephalon

Midbrain - Mesencephalon

Hindbrain - Metencephalon, Myelencephalon

Question 17

What are the 8 stages of cortical development?

Answer 17

1. Neural proliferation
2. Neural migration
3. Neural differentiation
4. Axonal growth
5. Dendritic growth
6. Synaptogenesis
7. Myelination
8. Neuronal death