Module 9 - Ecological Factors Flashcards

1
Q

the application of science and engineering principles to improve the environment (air, water, and/or land resources), to provide healthful water, air, and land for human habitation and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted sites

A

environmental engineering

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2
Q

primary job of environmental engineers

A

conserve and preserve the ecology and environment

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3
Q

includes physical, chemical and biological components

A

environment (surrounding)

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4
Q

When a component surrounding an organism affects the life of an organism, it becomes a _______. All such factors together are called ___________.

A

factor, environmental factors or ecological factors

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5
Q

Environmental factors can be classified into _______ and ______ which make the environment of an organism.

A

living (biotic), non-living (abiotic)

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6
Q

Four Classes of Ecological Factors

A
  • climatic factors
  • edaphic factors
  • topographic factors
  • biotic factors
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7
Q

one of the important natural factors controlling the plant life

A

climate

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8
Q

This ecological factor includes light, temperature, water, wind, and fire.

A

climatic factors

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9
Q

Climatic Factors

A

light, temperature, water, wind, fire

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10
Q

a well-known factor needed for the basic physiological processes of plants, such as photosynthesis, transpiration, seed germination and flowering

A

light

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11
Q

portion of the sunlight which can be resolved by the human eye

A

visible light

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12
Q

max rate of photosynthesis

A

at blue (400 - 500 nm) and red (600 - 700 nm)

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13
Q

this wavelength of spectrum is less strongly absorbed by plants

A

green (500 - 600 nm)

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14
Q

The visible part of light is made-up of wavelength from ______.

A

violet to red (400 nm to 700 nm)

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15
Q

affects many animals since light and dark often signals when to eat, sleep, hunt, migrate, or reproduce

A

light pollution

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16
Q

alters and interferes with the timing of necessary biological activities

A

light pollution

17
Q

It is one of the easiest pollutions to clean up.

A

light pollution

18
Q

It is a public or private land area possessing an exceptional or distinguished quality of starry nights and nocturnal environment that is specifically protected for its scientific, natural, educational, cultural, heritage and/or public enjoyment.

A

IDA International Dark Sky Reserve

19
Q

It is one of the important factors which affect almost all the metabolic activities of an organism.

A

temperature

20
Q

Every physiological process in an organism requires an optimum temperature at which it shows the _________.

A

maximum metabolic rate

21
Q

It is any deviation from the natural temperature in a habitat and can range from elevated temperatures associated with industrial cooling activities to discharges of cold water into streams below large impoundments.

A

thermal pollution

22
Q

It is one of the most important climatic factors; affects vital processes of all living organisms.

A

water

23
Q

Three ways water is available to plants

A

atmospheric moisture, precipitation, soil water

24
Q

air in motion

A

wind

25
Q

can directly contaminate the surface of bodies of water and soil

A

air pollution

26
Q

It is an exothermic factor caused due to the chemical process of combustion, releasing heat and light.

A

fire

27
Q

It is mostly man-made and some-times develops naturally due to the friction between the tree surfaces.

A

fire

28
Q

It is not a kind of pollution but it is a problem that destroys our ecology that uses fire as its agent.

A

forest fire

29
Q

two ways forest fire can start

A

naturally caused or human caused