Module 8 Vocbaulary and Terms

Question 1

Innate

Answer 1

determined by factors presents from birth

Question 2

Innateness Hypothesis

Answer 2

humans are generally predisposed to learn and use language

Question 3

Imitation Theory

Answer 3

child language acquisition theory that claims that children acquire language by listening to the speech around them and reproducing what they hear

Question 4

Reinforcement Theory

Answer 4

child language acquisition which says that children learn to speak like adults because they are praised, rewards, or otherwise reinforced when they use the rights forms and are corrected when they use the wrong ones

Question 5

Active Construction of a Grammar Theory

Answer 5

child language which says that children acquire a language by inventing rules of grammar based on the speech around them

Question 6

Connectionist Theories

Answer 6

language acquisition which claims that children learn language through neural connections in he brain

Question 7

Social Interaction Theory

Answer 7

language through social interaction in particular with older children and adults

Question 8

Linguistic Universals

Answer 8

property believed to be held in common by all natural languages

Question 9

Universal Grammar

Answer 9

posits a set of grammatical characteristics shared by all natural languages

Question 10

Critical Period

Answer 10

age span during which children must have exposure to language and must build the critical brain strictures necessary in order to gain native speaker competence in language

Question 11

Neglected Children

Answer 11

child who is neglected b caretakers, often resulting in significantly lower exposure to language as a child

Question 12

Feral Children

Answer 12

child who grew up in the wild without care by human adults, often with animals

Question 13

Homesign

Answer 13

rudimentary visual gesture communication system that is developed and used by dead children and their families when a signed language is not made available for their communication

Question 14

Making Corrections

Answer 14

Seldom correct what children have to say

Question 15

Rules

Answer 15

formal statement of an observed generalization about patens inn language

Question 16

Child-Directed Speech

Answer 16

speech used by parents or caregivers when communicating with young children or infants

Question 17

Sequential Bilingualism

Answer 17

begin learning their second language as young children

Question 18

High Amplitude Sucking

Answer 18

experimental technique use to study sound discrimination in infants from birth to about six months

Question 19

Conditioned Head Turn Procedure

Answer 19

claims that children learn language through neural connections in the brain

Question 20

Voice onset time

Answer 20

length of time between the release of consonant and the onset of voicing

Question 21

Simultaneous

Answer 21

learning language from birth

Question 22

Articulatory gestures

Answer 22

description of the motion of positioning pf the parts of the vocal tract that are responsible for the production pf a speech sound

Question 23

Babble

Answer 23

phase in child language acquisition during which the child produces meaningless sequence of consonants and vowels

Question 24

Code Switching

Answer 24

using more than one language in a conversation even within a phrase

Question 25

Canonical Babbling

Answer 25

continuous repetition f sequence of vowels and consonants like mamama by infants

Question 26

Variegated Babbling

Answer 26

production of meaningless consonant vowels sequence by infant

Question 27

Telegraphic

Answer 27

phase during child language acquisition in which children use iterance’s composed primarily of content words

Question 28

Transfer

Answer 28

positive or negative depending on weather if facilitates or inhabits the learning of second language

Question 29

Fossilization

Answer 29

non native forms as part of either the morpho-sytax or pronunciation

Question 30

Interrogatives

Answer 30

kind of sentence that expresses a question

Question 31

Complexive Concepts

Answer 31

term used in the study of child language acquisition

Question 32

Multilingual

Answer 32

speakers of more than two languages

Question 33

Underextension

Answer 33

application of word to a smaller set of objects that is appropriate for mature adult speech or the usual definition of the word

Question 34

Bilingual

Answer 34

speakers of two languages

Question 35

Deictic Expressions

Answer 35

word or expression that takes its meaning relative to the time, place, and speaker of the utterance

Question 36

Making Corrections

Answer 36

adults seldom correct what children have to say

Question 37

Child Directed Speech

Answer 37

speech used by parents or caregivers communicating with young children or infants

Question 38

Attention Getters

Answer 38

word of phrase use to initiate an address to children

Question 39

Attention Holders

Answer 39

tactic used to maintain children attention for extended amount of time

Question 40

Conversational Turns

Answer 40

adults encourage children to take their turns as speaker and listener in conversation