Module 8: The Human Person and the Society

Question 1

According to him, “man is essentially a social animal by nature”. Meaning that he cannot exist in the absence of society.

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

According to Aristotle man is a

Answer 2

man is a social animal

Question 3

3 reasons why man is a social animal

Answer 3

1. because it is our nature
2. by necessity
3. man lives in a society for his mental and intellectual development

Question 4

Our nature compels us to live with other human being because our sociability is our natural instinct.

Answer 4

Man is a social animal because it is his/her nature.

Question 5

Human beings have needs and necessities which must be fulfilled. We cannot fulfill those needs without living in a society.

Answer 5

Man is a social animal by necessity.

Question 6

Development can only occur in a society because the society shapes our attitudes, beliefs, morals, ideals, and personality.

Answer 6

Man lives in a society for his mental and intellectual development

Question 7

Belief that the political structure and ;legitimacy of the state are the result of citizens agreeing to give up specific rights in return for stability of social order and/or the protection of government

Answer 7

Social Contract Theory

Question 8

→ Humans are bad by nature. They are selfish and destructive in their natural state.
→ Because of rationality humans established a community in which they can create a mechanism to regulate the natural propensity and impose order.

Answer 8

Hobbes

Question 9

Individuals engage into an arrangement in which they give up some of their freedom to a higher authority in exchange for their protection, which secures humanity’s existence.

Answer 9

Hobbes

Question 10

→ Humans are good by nature. They are cooperative and reasonable in their natural state.
→Society is formed though the agreement and consent of the individuals that formed it.

Answer 10

Locke

Question 11

The role of the government was to be the servant of the people and should protect their natural rights including their right to property.

Answer 11

Locke

Question 12

→ Human’s natural state is removed from modernity and civilization.
→ Pushed the notion of the “General Will” in which people should give up some of their freedom and rights in return for a greater communal liberty.
→ The government is allowed to force its will on the people because the people empowers the government. The government has the best position to discern what is best for the society.

Answer 12

Rousseau

Question 13

The general will is a will of a politically united group of people who determine what is good for the community.

Answer 13

Rousseau

Question 14

stable moral union of a plurality of persons for the purpose of achieving the common end by the use of common means.

Answer 14

society

Question 15

a group of individuals having a shared culture, geographical location, and government.

Answer 15

society

Question 16

→ Human beings cannot survive in the absence of society, and societies cannot exist in the absence of members.
→ Society and its various elements provide the support and environment that allows and ensures human development.
→ We are influenced by the society we belong to

Answer 16

Relationship between individual and society

Question 17

According to Paul Ricoeur there are 2 ways human beings relate with each other in a society.

Answer 17

1. Social relationships
2. Personal relationships

Question 18

→ prescribed by institutions in which we belong. The relationships and roles defined by the institutions and authorities that we are part of. This includes relationships built in school, workplace, or church.

Answer 18

Social Relationships

Question 19

→ relationship of the neighbor. Not governed by the institution, but happens on the level of individuals, one person to another.

Answer 19

Personal relationships